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Are liming and pit size determining for tree species establishment in degraded areas by kaolin mining?

2022; Elsevier BV; Volume: 178; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.ecoleng.2022.106599

1872-6992

Victor Pereira de Oliveira, Walmer Bruno Rocha Martins, Julia Isabella de Matos Rodrigues, Arystides Resende Silva, J. do C. A. Lopes, João Fernandes de Lima Neto, Gustavo Schwartz,

Heavy metals in environment

Mining contributes to the global economy on different scales and plays a fundamental role in the development of the goods and services sectors. However, the negative impacts caused by the activity are unavoidable, as they intensely degrade soil structures and modify landscapes. The use of native tree species has been effective in restoring the structure and functions of post-mining ecosystems in the Amazon. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate chemical indicators of soil quality, survival and initial growth of six tree species planted in degraded ecosystem by kaolin mining under the effects of liming in three pit volumes in the Eastern Amazon. The initial conditions indicated highly degraded soil, with acidic pH, low content of OM, P and K. Liming significantly reduced the level of toxic Al in the soil and provided Ca and Mg for the plants. Through Principal Component Analysis (PCA), we found that the two first components explained 69.30% of the variance of 13 functional indicators of soil quality. PC1 was positively correlated with Ca, Mg, K, SB, CEC and V% and negatively correlated with H+Al and Al saturation. Survival was higher than 80% for Clitoria fairchildiana in all treatments. Liming and pit volume were determining in growth, with high growth rates in height of Inga edulis, Inga cayennensis, Clitoria fairchildiana and Tachigali vulgaris. The species used in this study presented good initial development in restoring ecosystems after kaolin mining.