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First Report of Leaf Blight Caused by Fusarium pernambucanum and Fusarium sulawesiense on Plum in Sichuan, China

2022; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 106; Issue: 10 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1094/pdis-12-21-2672-pdn

1943-7692

Mengmeng Lu, Yujie Zhang, Qili Li, Suiping Huang, Lihua Tang, Xiaolin Chen, Tangxun Guo, Jianyou Mo, Ma Lian,

Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 106, No. 10First Report of Leaf Blight Caused by Fusarium pernambucanum and Fusarium sulawesiense on Plum in Sichuan, China PreviousNext DISEASE NOTE OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Leaf Blight Caused by Fusarium pernambucanum and Fusarium sulawesiense on Plum in Sichuan, ChinaMengmeng Lu, Yujie Zhang, Qili Li, Suiping Huang, Lihua Tang, Xiaolin Chen, Tangxun Guo, Jianyou Mo, and Li'an MaMengmeng LuCollege of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434025, China, Yujie ZhangCollege of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434025, China, Qili Li†Corresponding authors: Q. Li; E-mail Address: [email protected], and S. Huang; E-mail Address: [email protected]https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5775-8910Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China, Suiping Huang†Corresponding authors: Q. Li; E-mail Address: [email protected], and S. Huang; E-mail Address: [email protected]https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9484-3487Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China, Lihua Tanghttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5972-0166Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China, Xiaolin ChenInstitute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China, Tangxun GuoInstitute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China, Jianyou MoInstitute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China, and Li'an MaCollege of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434025, ChinaAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Mengmeng Lu1 Yujie Zhang1 Qili Li2 † Suiping Huang2 † Lihua Tang2 Xiaolin Chen2 Tangxun Guo2 Jianyou Mo2 Li'an Ma1 1College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434025, China 2Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China Published Online:2 Sep 2022https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-21-2672-PDNAboutSectionsView articlePDFSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat View articlePlum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) is widely cultivated in China for its rich nutrients and flavor. In August 2020, leaf blight symptoms were observed on plum in Meishan, Sichuan, China (N29°24′, E104°30′). Irregular brown spots initially appeared on the edge or tip of the leaf and then extended to larger taupe lesions that were surrounded by a chlorotic halo. In the late stage, gray-brown blighted tissue covered the entire leaf, causing leaves to wither, curl, and abscise. The leaves with blight were collected from three different towns in Meishan, where the disease was found on 15 to 30% of plum plants. The margin of diseased leaves was cut into small pieces (3 × 3 mm), surface disinfected with 75% ethanol solution for 10 s followed by 2% NaOCl for 1 min, and rinsed in sterile distilled water three times. Tissue pieces were placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 25°C. Forty-nine morphologically similar colonies were observed on PDA plates after 3 to 5 days, and three of these (TEY9-1, TEY12-1, TEY15A-1) were selected for intensive study. The colonies produced abundant whitish to yellowish aerial mycelium after 7 days of incubation at 25°C in the dark. Macroconidia on carnation leaf agar were falcate, hyaline, straight to slightly curved, smooth to slightly rough with three to six septa, the apical cell was blunt or hooked, and the basal cell was barely notched, 31.6 ± 2.4 × 4.7 ± 0.4 μm, 28.9 ± 3.0 × 4.5 ± 0.5 μm, and 32.5 ± 3.4 × 4.5 ± 0.5 μm for TEY9-1, TEY12-1, and TEY15A-1, respectively. Microconidia were hyaline, fusoid or ovoid, nonseptate or one-septate, 14.4 ± 3.9 × 4.3 ± 0.6 μm, 13.0 ± 3.0 × 4.0 ± 0.4 μm, and 11.0 ± 2.4 × 3.7 ± 0.5 μm for TEY9-1, TEY12-1, and TEY15A-1, respectively. Genomic DNA was extracted from 7-day-old aerial mycelia of these isolates. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor (TEF1), calmodulin (CAM), and partial RNA polymerase second largest subunit (RPB2) were amplified using primers ITS4/ITS1, EF1/EF2, CL1/CL2A, and 5f2/7cr, respectively (O'Donnell et al. 2000, 2010; White et al. 1990). Sequences were deposited in GenBank (ITS, OK315638 to OK315640; TEF1, OK338756 to OK338758; CAM, OK338759 to OK338761; RPB2, OK338762 to OK338764). A maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree was constructed with RAxML version 8.2.10 based on the concatenated sequences (ITS, TEF1, CAM, RPB2). According to morphology and phylogenetic analysis, TEY9-1 and TEY15A-1 were identified as Fusarium pernambucanum, and TEY12-1 was identified as Fusarium sulawesiense. Pathogenicity tests were conducted on young healthy leaves of 12 two-year-old plum plants in a 28°C greenhouse in Nanning, Guangxi, China. The epidermis of tested leaves was slightly scratched with sterile toothpick tips, forming a 3-mm-diameter cross-shaped wound, followed by inoculation with 10 μl of conidial suspension (106 spores/ml in 0.1% sterile Tween 20). Control leaves were wounded in the same way and treated with 0.1% sterile Tween 20. Plants were covered with polythene bags to maintain high humidity for 5 days. Inoculated leaves showed light brown to dark brown lesions, whereas control leaves were symptomless. Both species were reisolated from symptomatic leaves, completing Koch's postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. pernambucanum and F. sulawesiense causing leaf blight on plum trees in China. These results will provide valuable information for prevention and management of leaf blight on plum trees.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:O'Donnell, K., et al. 2000. Mycoscience 41:61. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02464387Crossref, Google ScholarO'Donnell, K., et al. 2010. J. Clin. Microbiol. 48:3708. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00989-10Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarWhite, T. J., et al. 1990. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.Google ScholarFunding: The research was supported by Guangxi Key Research and Development Program (Guike AB20159041).The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 106, No. 10 October 2022SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Download Cover Image Metrics Article History Issue Date: 27 Sep 2022Published: 2 Sep 2022First Look: 9 Mar 2022Accepted: 8 Mar 2022 Page: 2759 Information© 2022 The American Phytopathological SocietyFundingGuangxi Key Research and Development ProgramGrant/Award Number: Guike AB20159041KeywordsFusarium pernambucanumFusarium sulawesienseleaf blightplumThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.PDF downloadCited byOccurrence of Postharvest Fruit Rot of Mango Caused by Fusarium pernambucanum in ChinaS. N. 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