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Emergence of Two Distinct SARS-CoV-2 Gamma Variants and the Rapid Spread of P.1-like-II SARS-CoV-2 during the Second Wave of COVID-19 in Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil

2022; Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Volume: 14; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.3390/v14040695

1999-4915

Dayane Azevedo Padilha, Vilmar Benetti Filho, Renato Simões Moreira, Tatiany Aparecida Teixeira Soratto, Guilherme Augusto Maia, Ana Paula Christoff, Fernando Hartmann Barazzetti, Marcos André Schörner, Fernanda Ferrari, Carolina Leite Martins, Eric Kazuo Kawagoe, Julia Kinetz Wachter, Paula Sachet, Antuani Rafael Baptistella, Aline Daiane Schlindwein, Bruna Kellet Coelho, Sandra Bianchini Fernandes, Darcita Büerger Rovaris, Marlei Pickler Debiasi dos Anjos, Fernanda Rosene Melo, Bianca Bittencourt de Souza, Sthefani Cunha, Karine Lena Meneghetti, Nestor Cubas Wendt, Tâmela Zamboni Madaloz, Marcus Vinícius Duarte Rodrigues, Dóris Sobral Marques Souza, Milene Höehr de Moraes, Rodrigo P. Baptista, Guilherme Toledo‐Silva, Guilherme Razzera, Edmundo C. Grisard, Patrícia Hermes Stoco, Luiz Felipe Valter de Oliveira, Maria Luíza Bazzo, Gislaine Fongaro, Glauber Wagner,

SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing

The western mesoregion of the state of Santa Catarina (SC), Southern Brazil, was heavily affected as a whole by the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2021. This study aimed to evaluate the dynamics of the SARS-CoV-2 virus spreading patterns in the SC state from March 2020 to April 2021 using genomic surveillance. During this period, there were 23 distinct variants, including Beta and Gamma, among which the Gamma and related lineages were predominant in the second pandemic wave within SC. A regionalization of P.1-like-II in the Western SC region was observed, concomitant to the increase in cases, mortality, and the case fatality rate (CFR) index. This is the first evidence of the regionalization of the SARS-CoV-2 transmission in SC and it highlights the importance of tracking the variants, dispersion, and impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the public health systems.