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Evidence for γ -ray emission from the remnant of Kepler’s supernova based on deep H.E.S.S. observations

2022; EDP Sciences; Volume: 662; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1051/0004-6361/202243096

1432-0746

F. Aharonian, F. Ait Benkhali, E. O. Angüner, Halim Ashkar, Michael Backes, V. Barbosa Martins, R. Batzofin, Y. Becherini, D. Berge, K. Bernlöhr, M. Böttcher, C. Boisson, J. Bolmont, Mathieu de Bony de Lavergne, M. Breuhaus, Robert Brose, F. Brun, T. Bulik, T. Bylund, F. Cangemi, Sami Caroff, S. Casanova, M. Cerruti, T. Chand, A. Chen, O. Chibueze, G. Cotter, Pierre Cristofari, J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye, J. Devin, A. Djannati-Ataı̈, A. Dmytriiev, K. Egberts, S. Einecke, J.-P. Ernenwein, Kirsty Feijen, A. Fiaßon, G. Fichet de Clairfontaine, G. Fontaine, S. Funk, S. Gabici, Y. A. Gallant, S. Ghafourizadeh, G. Giavitto, Luca Giunti, D. Glawion, J. F. Glicenstein, M.-H. Grondin, M. Hörbe, Werner Hofmann, T. L. Holch, M. Holler, D. Horns, Zhi-Qiu Huang, M. Jamrozy, V. Joshi, I. Jung-Richardt, E. Kasai, K. Katarzyński, U. Katz, B. Khélifi, W. Kluźniak, Nu. Komin, K. Kosack, D. Kostunin, A. Lemière, M. Lemoine-Goumard, J.-P. Lenain, Fabian Leuschner, T. Lohse, A. Luashvili, I. Lypova, Jonathan Mackey, D. Malyshev, D. Malyshev, V. Marandon, ¶. Marchegiani, A. Marcowith, G. Martí-Devesa, R. Marx, G. Maurin, P. J. Meintjes, M. Meyer, Alison Mitchell, R. Moderski, L. Mohrmann, A. Montanari, E. Moulin, J. Muller, K. Nakashima, M. de Naurois, A. Nayerhoda, J. Niemiec, A. Priyana Noel, P. O’Brien, S. Ohm, Laura Olivera-Nieto, E. de Ona Wilhelmi, M. Ostrowski, Sebastian Panny, M. Panter, R. D. Parsons, Giada Peron, V. Poireau, D. A. Prokhorov, G. Pühlhofer, M. Punch, A. Quirrenbach, Patrick Reichherzer, O. Reimer, O. Reimer, M. Renaud, Brian Reville, Frank Rieger, Gavin Rowell, B. Rudak, H. Rueda Ricarte, V. Sahakian, S. Sailer, D. A. Sanchez⋆, D. A. Sanchez⋆, A. Santangelo, M. Sasaki, J. S. Schafer, F. Schüßler, Hester Schutte, U. Schwanke, J. N. S. Shapopi, R. Simoni, H. Sol, A. Specovius, S. Spencer, Ł. Stawarz, S. Steinmassl, Constantin Steppa, I. Sushch, T. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, A. M. Taylor, R. Terrier, M. Tsirou, Y. Uchiyama, T. Unbehaun, C. van Eldik, J. Veh, Jacco Vink, H. J. Völk, S. J. Wagner, Felix Werner, R. White, A. Wierzcholska, Yu Wun Wong, A. Yusafzai, M. Zacharias, D. Zargaryan, A. A. Zdziarski, A. Zech, S. J. Zhu, S. Zouari, N. Żywucka,

Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena

Observations with imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) have enhanced our knowledge of nearby supernova (SN) remnants with ages younger than 500 yr by establishing Cassiopeia A and the remnant of Tycho’s SN as very-high-energy (VHE) γ -ray sources. The remnant of Kepler’s SN, which is the product of the most recent naked-eye SN in our Galaxy, is comparable in age to the other two, but is significantly more distant. If the γ -ray luminosities of the remnants of Tycho’s and Kepler’s SNe are similar, then the latter is expected to be one of the faintest γ -ray sources within reach of the current generation IACT arrays. Here we report evidence at a statistical level of 4.6 σ for a VHE signal from the remnant of Kepler’s SN based on deep observations by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) with an exposure of 152 h. The measured integral flux above an energy of 226 GeV is ∼0.3% of the flux of the Crab Nebula. The spectral energy distribution (SED) reveals a γ -ray emitting component connecting the VHE emission observed with H.E.S.S. to the emission observed at GeV energies with Fermi -LAT. The overall SED is similar to that of the remnant of Tycho’s SN, possibly indicating the same nonthermal emission processes acting in both these young remnants of thermonuclear SNe.