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Burden of non-communicable diseases among adolescents aged 10–24 years in the EU, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019

2022; Elsevier BV; Volume: 6; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/s2352-4642(22)00073-6

2352-4650

Benedetta Armocida, Lorenzo Monasta, Susan M. Sawyer, Flavia Bustreo, Giulia Segafredo, Giulio Castelpietra, Luca Ronfani, Maja Pasovic, Simon I Hay, Benedetta Armocida, Lorenzo Monasta, Susan M. Sawyer, Flavia Bustreo, Giulia Segafredo, Giulio Castelpietra, Luca Ronfani, Maja Pasovic, Simon I Hay, Derrick Bary Abila, Hassan Abolhassani, Manfred Accrombessi, Victor Adekanmbi, Keivan Ahmadi, Hanadi Al Hamad, Mamoon A. Aldeyab, Adel Al-Jumaily, Robert Ancuceanu, Cătălina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Andrei, Ashokan Arumugam, Sameh Attia, Avinash Aujayeb, M. Ausloos, Jennifer L. Baker, Francesco Barone‐Adesi, Fabio Barra, Sandra Barteit, Sanjay Basu, Bernhard T. Baune, Yannick Béjot, Luı́s Belo, Derrick Bennett, Boris Bikbov, András Bikov, Oleg Blyuss, Susanne Breitner, Hermann Brenner, Giulia Carreras, Márcia Carvalho, Alberico L. Catapano, Joht Singh Chandan, Periklis Charalampous, Simiao Chen, João Conde, Natália Martins, Giovanni Damiani, Άννα Δαστιρίδου, Alejandro de la Torre-Luque, Mostafa Dianatinasab, Diana Dias da Silva, Abdel Douiri, Elena Dragioti, Luchuo Engelbert Bain, Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Pietro Ferrara, José Miguel P. Ferreira de Oliveira, Simone Ferrero, Lorenzo Ferro Desideri, Florian Fischer, Diogo A. Fonseca, Piyada Gaewkhiew, Santosh Gaihre, Silvano Gallus, Mariana Gaspar Fonseca, Paramjit Gill, James Glasbey, Giuseppe Gorini, Vijai Kumar Gupta, Mekdes Kondale Gurara, Josep María Haro, M. Tasdik Hasan, Rasmus Havmoeller, Behzad Heibati, Merel E. Hellemons, Claudiu Herţeliu, Salman Hussain, Gaetano Isola, Olatunji Johnson, Jost B Jonas, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Mikk Jürisson, Zubair Kabir, André Karch, Joonas H. Kauppila, Gbenga A Kayode, Moien AB Khan, Khaled Khatab, Mika Kivimäki, Miloslav Klugar, Jitka Klugarová, Kamrun Nahar Koly, Ai Koyanagi, Om Kurmi, Dian Kusuma, Carlo La Vecchia, Ben Lacey, Tea Lallukka, Demetris Lamnisos, Berthold Langguth, Anders Larsson, Paolo Lauriola, Paul H. Lee, Matilde Leonardi, An Li, Christine Linehan, Rubén López‐Bueno, Stefan Lorkowski, Joana A. Loureiro, Raimundas Lunevičius, Laura A. Magee, Francesca Giulia Magnani, Azeem Majeed, Konstantinos C. Makris, Alexander G. Mathioudakis, Manu Raj Mathur, John J. McGrath, Ritesh G. Menezes, Alexios‐Fotios A. Mentis, Atte Meretoja, Tomislav Meštrović, Junmei Miao Jonasson, Tomasz Miazgowski, Andreea Mirică, Marcello Moccia, Shafiu Mohammed, Mariam Molokhia, Stefania Mondello, Ulrich Müeller, Francesk Mulita, Daniel Munblit, Ionuţ Negoi, Ruxandra Irina Negoi, Evangelia Nena, Nurulamin M Noor, Christoph Nowak, George Ntaios, Vincent Ebuka Nwatah, Bogdan Oancea, Ayodipupo Sikiru Oguntade, Alberto Ortíz, Adrian Oţoiu, Alicia Padrón‐Monedero, Raffaele Palladino, Adrian Pană, Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos, Songhomitra Panda‐Jonas, Shahina Pardhan, Jay Patel, Paolo Pedersini, José L. Peñalvo, Umberto Pensato, Renato B. Pereira, Norberto Perico, Ionela-Roxana Petcu, Anne F. Voor in ‘t holt, Maarten J. Postma, Mohammad Rabiee, Navid Rabiee, Alberto Raggi, Shadi Rahimzadeh, David Laith Rawaf, Salman Rawaf, Faizan Ur Rehman, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Abanoub Riad, Alina Rodriguez, Simona Sacco, Mohammad Reza Saeb, Mahdi Safdarian, Brijesh Sathian, Davide Sattin, Sonia Saxena, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Winfried Schlee, Falk Schwendicke, Morteza Shamsizadeh, Nigussie Tadesse Sharew, Rahman Shiri, Siddharudha Shivalli, Velizar Shivarov, João Pedro Silva, Colin R Simpson, Søren Thorgaard Skou, Bogdan Socea, Ireneous N Soyiri, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Kurt Straif, Xiaohui Sun, Rafael Tabarés‐Seisdedos, Arulmani Thiyagarajan, Fotis Topouzis, Marcos Roberto Tovani‐Palone, Thomas Clement Truelsen, Brigid Unim, Jef Van den Eynde, Tommi Vasankari, Massimiliano Veroux, Santos Villafaina, Matej Vinko, Francesco Saverio Violante, Victor Volovici, Yanzhong Wang, Ronny Westerman, Mohammad E Yadegarfar, Sanni Yaya, Vesna Zadnik, Alimuddin Zumla, Pablo Perel, David Beran, Pablo Perel, David Beran,

Child and Adolescent Health

Disability and mortality burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have risen worldwide; however, the NCD burden among adolescents remains poorly described in the EU.Estimates were retrieved from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Causes of NCDs were analysed at three different levels of the GBD 2019 hierarchy, for which mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were extracted. Estimates, with the 95% uncertainty intervals (UI), were retrieved for EU Member States from 1990 to 2019, three age subgroups (10-14 years, 15-19 years, and 20-24 years), and by sex. Spearman's correlation was conducted between DALY rates for NCDs and the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) of each EU Member State.In 2019, NCDs accounted for 86·4% (95% uncertainty interval 83·5-88·8) of all YLDs and 38·8% (37·4-39·8) of total deaths in adolescents aged 10-24 years. For NCDs in this age group, neoplasms were the leading causes of both mortality (4·01 [95% uncertainty interval 3·62-4·25] per 100 000 population) and YLLs (281·78 [254·25-298·92] per 100 000 population), whereas mental disorders were the leading cause for YLDs (2039·36 [1432·56-2773·47] per 100 000 population) and DALYs (2040·59 [1433·96-2774·62] per 100 000 population) in all EU Member States, and in all studied age groups. In 2019, among adolescents aged 10-24 years, males had a higher mortality rate per 100 000 population due to NCDs than females (11·66 [11·04-12·28] vs 7·89 [7·53-8·23]), whereas females presented a higher DALY rate per 100 000 population due to NCDs (8003·25 [5812·78-10 701·59] vs 6083·91 [4576·63-7857·92]). From 1990 to 2019, mortality rate due to NCDs in adolescents aged 10-24 years substantially decreased (-40·41% [-43·00 to -37·61), and also the YLL rate considerably decreased (-40·56% [-43·16 to -37·74]), except for mental disorders (which increased by 32·18% [1·67 to 66·49]), whereas the YLD rate increased slightly (1·44% [0·09 to 2·79]). Positive correlations were observed between DALY rates and SDIs for substance use disorders (rs=0·58, p=0·0012) and skin and subcutaneous diseases (rs=0·45, p=0·017), whereas negative correlations were found between DALY rates and SDIs for cardiovascular diseases (rs=-0·46, p=0·015), neoplasms (rs=-0·57, p=0·0015), and sense organ diseases (rs=-0·61, p=0·0005).NCD-related mortality has substantially declined among adolescents in the EU between 1990 and 2019, but the rising trend of YLL attributed to mental disorders and their YLD burden are concerning. Differences by sex, age group, and across EU Member States highlight the importance of preventive interventions and scaling up adolescent-responsive health-care systems, which should prioritise specific needs by sex, age, and location.Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.