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Vector control and entomological capacity for onchocerciasis elimination

2022; Elsevier BV; Volume: 38; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.pt.2022.03.003

1471-5007

Iñaki Tirados, Edward Thomsen, Eve Worrall, Lassane Koala, Tito Trésor Melachio Tanekou, Marı́a-Gloria Basáñez,

Insects and Parasite Interactions

Mass drug administration (MDA) of ivermectin is currently the main strategy to achieve elimination of transmission (EoT) of onchocerciasis. Modelling suggests that EoT may not be reached in all endemic foci using annual MDA alone. Onchocerciasis and loiasis are coendemic in forest areas of Central Africa where ivermectin treatment can lead to severe adverse events in individuals with heavy loiasis load, rendering MDA inappropriate. Vector control has been proposed as a complementary intervention strategy. Here, we discuss (i) achievements and pitfalls of previous interventions; (ii) epidemiological impact, feasibility, and combination with MDA to accelerate and/or protect EoT; (iii) role of modelling; (iv) opportunities for innovative methods of vector monitoring and control; and (v) strengthening entomological capacity in endemic countries.