Humoral and Cellular Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Convalescent COVID-19 Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
2022; Wolters Kluwer; Volume: 9; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1212/nxi.0000000000001143
ISSN2332-7812
AutoresAna Zabalza, Georgina Arrambide, Paula Tagliani, Simón Cárdenas‐Robledo, Susana Otero‐Romero, Juliana Esperalba, Candela Fernández‐Naval, Jesus Trocoli Campuzano, Mónica Martínez‐Gallo, Mireia Castillo, Mercè Bonastre, Mireia Resina Sallés, Jordina Beltran, Pere Carbonell‐Mirabent, Marta Rodríguez‐Barranco, Samuel López‐Maza, Pedro José Melgarejo Otálora, Mariano Ruiz-Ortiz, Agustín Pappolla, Breogán Rodrı́guez‐Acevedo, Luciana Midaglia, Ángela Vidal‐Jordana, Álvaro Cobo‐Calvo, Carmen Tur, Ingrid Galán, Joaquín Castilló, Jordi Río, Carmen Espejo, Manuel Comabella, Carlos Nos, Jaume Sastre‐Garriga, Mar Tintoré, Xavier Montalbán,
Tópico(s)Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
ResumoInformation about humoral and cellular responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and antibody persistence in convalescent (COVID-19) patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) is scarce. The objectives of this study were to investigate factors influencing humoral and cellular responses to SARS-CoV-2 and its persistence in convalescent COVID-19 PwMS.This is a retrospective study of confirmed COVID-19 convalescent PwMS identified between February 2020 and May 2021 by SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing. We examined relationships between demographics, MS characteristics, disease-modifying therapy (DMT), and humoral (immunoglobulin G against spike and nucleocapsid proteins) and cellular (interferon-gamma [IFN-γ]) responses to SARS-CoV-2.A total of 121 (83.45%) of 145 PwMS were seropositive, and 25/42 (59.5%) presented a cellular response up to 13.1 months after COVID-19. Anti-CD20-treated patients had lower antibody titers than those under other DMTs (p < 0.001), but severe COVID-19 and a longer time from last infusion increased the likelihood of producing a humoral response. IFN-γ levels did not differ among DMT. Five of 7 (71.4%) anti--CD20-treated seronegative patients had a cellular response. The humoral response persisted for more than 6 months in 41/56(81.13%) PwMS. In multivariate analysis, seropositivity decreased due to anti-CD20 therapy (OR 0.08 [95% CI 0.01-0.55]) and increased in males (OR 3.59 [1.02-12.68]), whereas the cellular response decreased in those with progressive disease (OR 0.04 [0.001-0.88]). No factors were associated with antibody persistence.Humoral and cellular responses to SARS-CoV-2 are present in COVID-19 convalescent PwMS up to 13.10 months after COVID-19. The humoral response decreases under anti-CD20 treatment, although the cellular response can be detected in anti-CD20-treated patients, even in the absence of antibodies.
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