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NMR spectroscopy as a screening tool to validate nutrition labeling of milk, lactose-free milk, and milk substitutes based on soy and grains

2011; EDP Sciences; Volume: 92; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1007/s13594-011-0050-5

1958-5594

Yulia B. Monakhova, Thomas Kuballa, Jenny Leitz, Claudia Andlauer, Dirk W. Lachenmeier,

Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling

Lactose-free milk and milk substitutes based on soy, oat, or rice are widely marketed to lactose-intolerant consumers. In this study, 400 MHz 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used in the context of food surveillance to validate the "lactose-free" claims labeled on these beverages. Using soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) analysis, a qualitative classification according to the type of beverage (lactose-containing milk, lactose-free milk, oat, soy, and rice milk substitutes) was possible. Furthermore, quantitative data regarding nutrition labeling parameters were predicted from the same spectra using partial least squares (PLS) regression. The models obtained for carbohydrate, sugars, protein, fat, saturates, and energy (R 2 = 0.89–0.97) were suitable for a screening analysis. Using nicotinamide as an internal standard, quantitative determination of lactose with a detection limit of 0.03 g.L–1 was also possible using direct integration of the signals (linear range, 0.05–50.0 g.L−1, R > 0.999). The relative standard deviations for the lactose-free milks were below 10%. NMR spectroscopy was judged to be suitable for the rapid routine analysis of milk and milk substitutes.