THE INFLUENCE OF JUSTUS LIPSIUS ON JUAN DE VERA Y FIGUEROA'S EMBAXADOR (1620)
1965; Liverpool University Press; Volume: 42; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1080/1475382652000340160
ISSN1469-3550
Autores Tópico(s)Historical Studies on Spain
ResumoAbstract Almost thirty years ago M. Marcel Bataillon drew attention to the importance for Spain (as indeed for the rest of Europe) of the Neostoic movement whose great champion and leader was the Flemish humanist Justus Lipsius: 'El neoestoicismo señalaba un renacimiento del humanismo filosófico. Por su afán de conciliar su fe moral con el cristianismo, fue un nuevo género de Philosophia Christi. Justo Lipsio fue el nuevo maestro de este género, a partir del momento en que, vuelto al redil del catolicismo, vino a enseñar en Lovaina.' During Lipsius's own lifetime, of course, many Spanish scholars and men of substance, including Arias Montano, the Argensola brothers, Baltasar de Zúñiga and the young Quevedo, corresponded with him, and the occasional, if often tangential, reference to his name in the literature of the early seventeenth century shows the extent to which he was known, suggesting that his influence had permeated far. However, little has yet been done to trace that influence, and the only study to date is the brief appendix that Sr Astrana Marín added to his volume of Quevedo's poetry: 'Personalidad de Justo Lipsio y sus relaciones con don Francisco de Quevedo Villegas'. BSS Subject Index: EMBAJADOR, EL (J. A. DE VERA Y FIGUEROA]KINGSHIP/MONARCHY/TYRANNY [AS LITERARY, CULTURAL & IDEOLOGICAL THEME]LIPSIUS, JUSTUS (1547–1606)MACHIAVELLI, NICCOLÒ (1469–1527)STOICISM/NEOSTOICISMVERA Y FIGUEROA, JUAN ANTONIO DE (1588–1658) Notes 1 Erasmo y España, Spanish edition, México, II, 395–96. The original French edition appeared in 1937. 2Francisco de Quevedo, Obras completas (Obras en verso), ed. Luis Astrana Marín (Madrid 1932), 1171–80. 1On Vera, see Nicolás Antonio, Bibliotheca Nova (Madrid 1788), I, 635–36; A. Rodríguez Moñino, 'El Conde de la Roca (1583–1658). Noticias biobibliográficas', Revista del Centro de Estudios Extremeños, IX (1935), 17–31—the article is in fact a transcript of La Barrera's unpublished Apuntes biográficos, II, f.212–42; J. de Entrambasaguas, Estudios sobre Lope de Vega, I (Madrid 1946), 464–69; J-M. Cossío, Fábulas mitológicas en España (Madrid 1952), 393–96. 2See V. E. Hrabar, De legatis et legationibus tractatus varii, Dorpati Livonorum, MDCCCCV, 230–39, and his De legatorum jure tractatuum catalogus computus ab anno MDCXXV usque ad annum MDCC, Dorpati Livonorum (Jurjev), MCMXVIII. There were French translations published in 1635 and 1642, Italian ones in 1649 and 1654. The original text was published in the name of Juan Antonio de Vera y Çuniga, El Enbaxador, Seuilla, Francisco de Lyra, 1620. The Third Discourse is separately foliated, so that textual references here indicate not only the folio but the series. In cases where the foliation is incorrect, the signature has been added for the sake of clarity. Use has also been made of the facsimile edition of the 1620 text (Madrid 1947). 3Archivo General, Simancas, Estado (Milán), legajo 3336, No. 164: Letter from M. de Siruient to the Conte de la Rocque, 24 March 1631. 4Garrett Mattingley, Renaissance Diplomacy (London 1955), Ch. XXII, 'The Perfect Ambassador', 211–22: quotation on p. 211. 1See Gareth A. Davies, 'Una carta inédita de Antonio Hurtado de Mendoza al Conde- Duque de Olivares', HispM, XIX (1959), 89. 2 El Embaxador, f.14v, f.17 [=C1], and f.140 [=S4]: all of the first series. Mattingley gives an account of the main diplomatic treatises, 211 et seq. 3I shall refer to the Spanish translation: Libro de la Constancia de Justo Lipsio. Traducido de latin en castellano por Iuan Baptista de Mesa; Natural de la Ciudad de Antequera, Seuilla, Matias Clavijo, 1616. The original De Constantia appeared in 1584. 1 Libro de la Constancia, 77–79; El Embaxador, f.4v–5r, first series. 1Reference to the Politicorum is to Bernardino de Mendoza's Spanish translation: Los Seys libros de las Politicas o Doctrina Ciuil de Iusto Lipsio, que siruen para el gouierno del Reyno, o Principado, Madrid, Imprenta Real, 1604. The date of the aprobación is 20 November 1599. Mendoza addresses his version to the Spanish nobility. 1 Las Políticas, 150; El Embaxador, f. 99v. 1Juan Antonio de Vera y Cuniga, Epitome de la Vida i hechos del Invicto Enperador Carlos V, Madrid, la biuda de Alonso Martin, 1622. See also my 'Carta inédita', 87–88. 2See for example his remark on the origin of the caducateores (f.20v, first series). 3Gregorio Marañón, El Conde Duque de Olivares (La pasión de mandar), rev. ed. (Madrid 1945), 148. That Juan de Vera was also the probable creator of a whole series of literary forgeries merely reflects the complexity of his personality, a subject to which only a larger study can do justice. Proof has come at last that one forgery came from his pen: see Bruna Cinti, 'Homenaje a Lope en la Venecia del seiscientos', Cuadernos hispanoamericanos, Nos. 161–62 (1963), 3–14. 1 Libro de la Constancia, f.Av. Chapters X and XI, which had given offence, fail to appear at the appropriate place after p. 31. See Bibliotheca Belgica, 1st Series, XV (Lipse), (Gand & La Haye 1880–1890), L 195. 1Octave Nadal, Le Sentiment de l' amour dans l'oeuvre de Pierre Corneille (Paris 1948), 33. 2In addition to earlier references, see El Embaxador, f.10–11, f.67v, f.69v, f.117v, all of the first series. 1See A. Morel-Fatio, 'D. Bernardino de Mendoza', BHi, VIII (1906), 20–70 and 129–47. 2 El Fernando, ed. Milan, Henrico Estefano, 1632, f.A5v. Vera's Sevillian period is evoked in Andrés de Claramonte's Letanía moral (colophon: Sevilla, Matias Clavijo, 1612). He is a 'sapientísimo caballero', the 'Apollo of Seville' (see B. J. Gallardo, Ensayo de una biblioteca española, II [Madrid 1866], 474). 1On Mesa, consult Bibl. Nova, I, 650–51, F. Rodríguez Marín, Luis Barahona de Soto. Estudio biográfico, bibliográfico y crítico (Madrid 1903), esp. 205–06, and R. Ramírez de Arellano, Ensayo de un catálogo biográfico de escritores de la provincia y diócesis de Córdoba con descripción de sus obras (Madrid 1922), II, 131. I discuss the authorship of the Lipsian translation in a note at the end of this article. 2See for instance Entrambasaguas, Estudios sobre Lope de Vega, I, 518–19. I am grateful to Professor P. E. Russell, University of Oxford, for his advice and criticism in the preparation of this article.
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