Index
2020; Linguagem: Inglês
10.1108/s0161-723020200000035014
ISSN0161-7230
ResumoCitation (2020), "Index", Clark, B. and Wilson, T.D. (Ed.) The Capitalist Commodification of Animals (Research in Political Economy, Vol. 35), Emerald Publishing Limited, Bingley, pp. 205-212. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0161-723020200000035014 Publisher: Emerald Publishing Limited Copyright © 2021 Emerald Publishing Limited. INDEX Abstract labor, 63, 67–71, 82–83 life, 62, 85–88 mind, 60–61, 67–71 system, 61–62 Abstraction of mind, 60 process, 62 Abstractness of social “second nature”, 69 Academic knowledge production, 17–18 Acindar , 191–192 Adorno, Theodor, 71 Advertisement using animal symbols, 25 Aesthetics, 167–174 Affirmative ideology, 166 Agribusiness of landowner ethics, 176–178 Agriculture, 163–167 Alienated speciesism, 3 Amazon warehouses, 85 Animal Capital: Rendering Life in Biopolitical Times (Shukin), 16 Animal Machines (Harrison), 127 Animal Rights/Human Rights: Entanglements of Oppression and Liberation (Nibert), 12, 134 Animal welfare, 108–109, 108 implementation in learning and embedded markets, 115–117 as social cost, 117 Animal-based commodities in capitalism, 17–18 Animal(s), 22, 25, 86 as biotic community, 167–169 capital, 11, 16–26 ethics, 108–109 exploitation and oppression, 15 as “functional biomachines”, 85–88 harm, 108 harming, 42 “Anthropocene, the”, 14 Anthropocentrism, 148–154 Apocalypse, 64–65 Arendt, Hannah, 35 Argentina, 184 labor and violence in, 186–190 studies on violence in, 186 Villa Constitución, 190–192 Villazo, repression and armed struggles, 192–200 Aristotle, 48 Armed struggles in Argentina, 192–200 Artificial insemination, 42 Artificial life, 66–67 on dead planet, 74–76 Artificial nature, 34 Artificial trees, 88–94 Astor, John Jacob, 128–129 Aya, Rod, 185 Balcombe, Jonathan, 39 Battery chickens, 86 Bekoff, Marc, 39 BHP, 93 Biodiversity, 177–178 Bioethics, 108–109 Biopolitical sovereignty, 12 Biotic community, 167–169 Blake, William, 38 Blühdorn, Ingolfur, 94 “Boundless Bull”, 45 Bourgeault, Ron, 130 Bourgeois class, 84–85 Bowring, Finn, 62, 77, 85–86, 94–95 Boyd, William, 63 Braverman, Harry, 63 Brazil, 41–42 Brazilian State of Mato Grosso, 43–44 Brügger, Paul, 3–4 Burket, Paul, 22–24 Cangiano, Maria Cecilia, 198–199 Capital, 22, 62–63, 79, 84, 96 abstracts, 80 of animal capital, 26 indifference of, 76–85 productive labor for, 78 subsumption of science by, 71–74 Capital (Marx), 1–2, 11, 19–20, 70, 84 Capital–animal relation, 23 Capitalism, 1–2, 12–13, 16–17, 26, 60–61, 69, 138, 164, 173–174 Capitalist agricultural methods, 138, 145–146, 149 agriculture, 62–63 commodification of animals, 3 process of circulation, 19–20 production, 62–63 system, 1–2 Capitalocene, 95 Carbon capture, 91–92 Carbon Engineering, 91–92 Carson, Rachel, 88 Cartesian concept of “animal machine”, 38 Cats, 39–40 Caudwell, Christopher, 69 Cecil (lion), 45 Charlton, A., 45–46 Cheap labor, 129–133 power, 126–127 Cheap Nature, 126, 134–135 Cheap raw materials, 127–129 Chevron Technology Ventures, 93 Circular hunts, 143 Clark, Brett, 126, 127 Class exploitation, 19 C—M—C formula, 20 Co-modification of nonhuman animals, 40–45 Colony collapse disorder, 89 Commercialization of universities, 74 Commodification, 97, 108, 113 of animals, 43–44, 125–126 changing scenario through education, 45–50 contemporary commodification of fur-bearing animals, 133–134 of labor power, 21 of nature, 34–36 Commodity, 1–2 exchange, 69 fetishism, 69 Common sense morality, 109–110 Commoner, Barry, 62–63, 92–93 Comte, Auguste, 67 Conclusive evidence, 89–90 Confederación General del Trabajo (CGT), 184–185, 188–189, 192–193 Confederación General Económica (CGE), 188–189 Consciousness in nonhuman animals, 38–40 Consented Instrumentalization, 111 Consented objectification. See Self-objectification Conservation history, 163 new vision of, 163–167 problem on private land, 172 Conservation Ethic, The, 173–174 Contemporary acceleration, 35 Contemporary planetary crisis, 37–38 Coordinadoras Gremiales de Buenos Aires , 184–185 Cordobazo , 188–189 Corporeal continuity and distinction, 1 “Counter producing” effects, 199 COVID-19 pandemic, 82–83 Crick, Francis, 74 “Critique of the Gotha Program”, 149 “Cultural-materialist analysis” of animal capital, 16 Culture of abstraction, 3–4, 59–61 Daly, Herman, 45, 48 Darling, Jay “Ding”, 172 Darling, Jay Norwood, 151 Darwin, Charles, 39 Davis, Karen, 85–86 De Angelis, Massimo, 82 Dead planet, 66–67 artificial life on, 74–76 Debord, Guy, 61–62 “Degradation” of work, 63 Descartes, René, 2 and objectification of nature and nonhuman animals, 36–38 Deskilling, 80–81 Dewey, John, 116–117 Dick, Philip. K., 65, 66 Direct Air Capture technology, 91–92 Direct wage, 129–130 Disaster capitalism, 74–76 Discourse on the Method (Descartes), 36–37 DNA sequence, 86 Dogs, 39–40 Dolin, Eric Jay, 127, 129 Donaldson, Sue, 13, 114 Double Movement, 116–117 Dystopia, 64–65 Ecological/ecology, 167–174 aesthetic, 169–171 conscience, 171–174 of nonliving, 88–94 Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts, The , 62 Economic/economy consequences, 89–90 modernization, 188 objectification, 108 production, 17–18 three-level model for animal instrumentalization in, 110–113 Ecosystems, 40–45 Education, changing scenario through, 45–50 Edwards, Murray, 93 Elton, Charles, 175–176 Embedded markets, animal welfare implementation in, 115–117 Endangered Species Act, 175, 177–178 Engels, Frederick, 67, 83 Entrepreneurial innovation, 71 Environment(al), 37 crisis, 38 degradation of Earth, 76 education, 47 Epistemology, 69 Ethics, 167–174 Euro-Americans, 142–143 relationship, 138 European Union, 51, 89–90 Experiential learning, 116 Exploitation, 108, 113 Exploitative objectification, 114 Externalities, 93–94 Extinction, 138, 139, 140–141, 143, 156 Fachos , 198 Factory society, 83 Federación Obrera Regional Argentina (FORA), 193–194 Fordism, 74 Fossil capital, 14–15 Foster, John Bellamy, 64, 126–127, 177 Francione, Gary, 13, 45–46 Franklin, Rosalind, 74 “Functional biomachines”, animals as, 85–88 Fur farming, 133 Fur trapping, 126 Fur-bearing animals, contemporary commodification of, 133–134 Galileo, 69 Game Management , 170 Gates, Bill, 93 Gene editing, 87–88 Genetically modified (transgenic) livestock, 86–87 Geoengineering, 75 Gilpin, William, 143 Glyphosate, 43–44 Gore, Al, 150 Government provision, 174–175 regulation, 163, 165–166 Greek, R., 43 Greer, Allan, 130–131 Habitat destruction, 44 Hardt, Michael, 16–17, 83 Harman, Chris, 74 Harrison, Ruth, 127 Heterodox economic analysis, 116 Homestead Act, 143–144 Horkheimer, Max, 10, 71 Hudson Bay Company, 126–127 Human(s), 13–14, 16 capitalist class, 11 consciousness, 64 exploitation and oppression, 15 resource, 50 Human–animal abstraction, 11–16 relations, 111 Human–nonhuman animal relationships, 1 Hunters, 145 sport hunters creation in United States, 145–148 Hunting industry, 145 Imperialism, 12–13 Indifference, 96 of capital, 76–85 Industrial Revolution, 14 Industrial workers community, 190–191 Inertial motion, 69 Instrumentalities, 40 Instrumentalization, 108 of nature, 51 Instrumentalization of animals, 107–108 theoretical background, 113–115 three-level model for, 110–113 Intraspecific selective speciesism, 40 Intratribal violence, 127–128 Jacobson, Brynna, 3–4 JBS, 17, 25–26 Juan Carlos Marín, 194–195 Jungle, The (Sinclair), 9–11, 26, 86 Kallis, Giorgos, 23 Kantian philosophy, 107–108, 114–115 Kantian roots of objectification, 108 Kardulias, P. Nick, 131 Kevlar, 87–88 Keynesianism, 74 Klein, Naomi, 74–75 Knowledge economy, 71 Kraig Biocraft Laboratories, 87–88 Kymlicka, Will, 13, 114 Labor in Argentina, 186–190 power, 70 resistance, 195 Laborers, 21 Labour, 68 Land as biotic community, 167–169 as commodity and right of wildlife, 174–176 Land/landowner ethic, 162 agribusiness, wildlife, and limitation of, 176–178 ecology, aesthetics, and ethics, 167–174 Latham, Rob, 84 Learning, animal welfare implementation in, 115–117 Lenin, V. I., 70–71 Leopold, Aldo, 3–4, 140–141, 147–148, 150–151, 161–164 components of land ethic idea, 167–174 game program, 165 interest in ethical consumerism and product labeling, 166–167 land as commodity and right of wildlife, 174–176 wild husbandry, 164–165 Levidow, Les, 62–63 Lewontin, Richard, 177 Leyk, Wolfgang, 3–4 Live export, 42 Livestock, 44, 139 creation, 141–145 wolves and people before, 139–141 Living dead, 64 LLC, 93 Locke, John, 142, 148–149 Logos-Eros disruption, 38 Lynch, Merrill, 45 ‘M-C-M’ formula, 1–2, 80 Macbeth (Shakespeare), 50–51 Macdonald, Bradley J., 3 Maintenance, 129–130 Malm, Andreas, 13–14 Manfredo, 151–152 Manual labor, 69 Marcuse, Herbert, 3–4, 34–36, 38, 42, 48–49, 51–52, 71 Market relation, 19–20 Marshall, Robert, 150 Marx, Karl, 1–2, 19–20, 62, 66–67, 76, 78–79, 84, 95–96, 127, 131–132, 141–142, 148–149 formal and real subsumption of labor, 63 Marx and Nature (Burket), 23–24 Marxism, 59–60 Mass commodification, 113 “Master”, 70 M—C (L + MP) …P (L + MP) …C’ (C + c)—M’ (M + m) formula, 21–22, 24 McIntosh, Robert, 168–169 ‘M—C—M’ (M + m) formula, 20 Meat industry, 86 Meillassoux, Claude, 129–130 Meine, Curt, 162 Mental conception, 69 Metcon industries, 191 Mexican Gray wolves, 154 Microresistances, 52 Militaristic “barrack-like discipline”, 70 Mills, C. Wright, 96 Mink farming, 133 Money, 81, 83, 95–96 Montoneros , 198–199 Moore, Jason W., 95–96, 126 Muir, Bill, 66–67 Mule Deer Foundation, 147–148 Mütherich, Birgit, 13 Mutual benefit, 111–112 Mycoplasma genitalium , 76–77 Nanotechnology, 34–35 Nash, Roderick, 162–163, 175 National Game Conference, 165 Natural production, 17–18 Nature, 84–85 commodication of, 34–36 objectification of, 36–38 of things, 36 Necroculture, 95 Neglected preferences, 108 Negri, Antonio, 16–17, 83 Neonicotinoids, 90 Nibert, David, 12–13, 134 Nonhuman animals co-modification, 40–45 objectification of, 36–38 speciesism, sentience, and consciousness in, 38–40 Nonliving, ecology of, 88–94 Nonreflexivity of simple modernization, 61 “NooSkins”, 64–65 Northwest Company, 126–127 Nylon, 87–88 Objectification, 113 in economic theory, 111 of nature, 51 Objectification of animals, 107–110 three-level model, 110–113 Oxy Low Carbon Ventures, 93 Paradigm shift, 113–115 Paradoxically intensive livestock farming, 114 Parody of amorousness, 84 People before private land and livestock, 139–141 Peronism, 184, 188, 190 “Peronist issue”, 188 “Pigoons”, 64–65 Pigs, 39–40 Pinchot, Gifford, 150 “Plague of sameness”, 94 Plants as biotic community, 167–169 Polanyi, K., 116–117 Political violence, 184–186, 189–190 Politics (Aristotle), 48 Pollinators, 91 “Porcopolis”, 26 Post-Fordist bioeconomy as disaster capitalism, 74–76 “Pragmatic” natural resource conservation education, 47 Precariousness, 83 Private enterprise, 165–166, 174–175 land, 139–141 landowners, 141–145 property, 146 property rights, 148–154 Productive labor for capital, 78 Prudham, W. S., 63 Public control, 174–175 Pure science, 73–74 Quantification of nature, 36 Radical chains, 83 Ranchers, 145, 147–148 Real abstraction, 59–60, 64, 68–69 Real subsumption of life, 76–85 Reasonable value, 116–117 “Reciprocal” process, 66 Reconstitution, 129–130 Red Brigades, 197 Regulation, 173 Relational Trialogue during Exchange, 116 Replacement, 129–130 Repression, 189 in Argentina, 192–200 Research on animals, 108 Reverse speciesist approach, 13–14 Revolutionary violence, conceptual frameworks on, 185–186 Revolutionary war, 189 Robotic bees, 88–94 Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation, 146–147, 154–155 Rocky Mountain Wolf Action Fund, 154–155 Romero, Luis Alberto, 185 Roosevelt, Theodore, 145–146, 150 Roy, S. Paul, 132 Rude, Matthias, 11–12 Rupture process, 1, 34 Rush, Benjamin, 145 Ryder, Richard, 38–39 Safari Club International, 146–147 Sanbonmatsu, John, 12–13, 76 Sand County , 166–168, 172 Santella, Agustín, 3–4 Santos, Milton, 34–35 Santucho, Mario Roberto, 194–195 Schmitt, Alfred, 96 Science, 67, 70–72 Science-based technology, 60–61 Scientific neutrality, 73–74 Scientific socialism, 67 Scott, S., 131–133 Segovia, Luis, 199 Selective speciesism, 39–40 Self-instrumentalization, 111 Self-objectification, 109–110 Self-operating production process, 60–61 “Self-valorizing value” capital, 76 Sellfare, 112–113 Semi-proletarianization of peasantry, 130 Sensuous external world, 84–85 Sentience in nonhuman animals, 38–40 Separation of mind. See Abstraction of mind Shakespeare, William, 50–51 Shanks, N., 43 Shukin, Nicole, 11, 16–17, 25 approach to animal capital, 17–18 Silent Spring (Carson), 88 Simon, Alexander, 3–4 Simple modernization, 61, 71–72 Sinclair, Upton, 9–11, 26, 86 Sine qua non condition, 50 Singer, Peter, 13, 40 Slaughter, 112 Slavery and abolition, 108 Smith, Hamilton, 77 Smulewicz-Zucker, Gregory R., 96–97 Social division of labor, 60 life, 111–112 production and distribution, 15 relations, 27 synthesis, 60–61 Social cost, animal welfare as, 117 Socialism, 26–28 Society of appropriation, 60–61 Sociological theory of oppressed groups, 12 Sohn-Rethel, Alfred, 59–60, 69–71 Southern Right Whale species (Eubalaena australis), 49–50 Speciesism in nonhuman animals, 38–40 Sport hunters creation in United States, 145–148 Sportsmen for Fish and Wildlife, 146–147 Spraakman, Gary, 132 Stache, Christian, 3–4 Steel, Bethlehem, 81 Stem cells, 86–87 Stock, Gregory, 77 “Strains of livestock”, 87 Strikes,, 188–189, 191–195, 197 Structural violence, 83 Subsistence hunting cultures, 139–140 Subsumption of science by capital, 71–74 Sulfoxaflor, 90 Surplus value, 20 Sustainable development, 47–48 Systemic thinking, 50 Szeliga, 11–12 Taylorist–Fordist methods, 74–75 Technologization of production, 70–71 Thorpe, Charles, 3–4 Three-level model for animal instrumentalization, 110–113 commodification, 113 consented instrumentalization, 111 exploitation, 113 mass commodification, 113 objectification, 113 permitted instrumentalization with Economic Purpose, 111–113 self-instrumentalization, 111 Tilly, Charles, 186 Tönnies, 17, 25–26 Torre, Juan Carlos, 192 Torres, Bob, 13 Toscano, Alberto, 59–60, 95 Tout court, 37–38 Transgenic organisms, 34–35 Trautlein, Donald, 81 Trees, 94 Tyson Foods Inc., 17, 25–26 Union Civica Radical (UCR), 192 Union Coordinating Committee of Buenos Aires. See Coordinadoras Gremiales de Buenos Aires Union Obrera Metalúrgica (UOM), 184–185, 188, 191, 193 United States, 139–140 sport hunters creation in, 145–148 United States Environmental Protection Agency, 89–90 Urban-based environmentally conscious class creation, 148–154 Urbanization, 149, 151 Value, 20, 68 Veganism, 26–27 Vegetation, 88–89 Villa Constitución, 184–185, 190–192, 200 Armed Contentions, 197 Villazo in Argentina, 192–200 Violence in Argentina, 186–190 “Virtual extinction of some species”, 129 Voltaire, 38 von Clausewitz, Carl, 12 Wadiwel, Dinesh, 12–13, 23 Wage Labour and Capital (Marx), 24 Wallerstein, Immanuel, 132, 184 War against Animals, The (Dinesh), 12 Warburton, R., 131–133 Warner, Jeremy, 82–83 Watson, James, 74 Welsh, Ian, 94 WH Group, 17, 25–26 Wheeler, Matthew B., 86–87 Whitehead, Alfred North, 59–60 Wickham-Crowley, T. P., 184–185 Wild animal species, 161–162 Wildlife, 163–167 land as commodity and right of, 174–176 of landowner ethics, 176–178 management, 161–163, 170 viewing, 153 Wilkins, Maurice, 74 Wilson, Tamar Diana, 3–4 Wise, Steven, 49 Wolves, 138, 144–145 increasing populations of, 154–155 before private land and livestock, 139–141 Work, 80 degradation of, 63 World Health Organization (WHO), 43–44 Worster, Donald, 163–164 Zootechnics, 46, 47 Book Chapters Prelims The Capitalist Commodification of Animals: A Brief Introduction Part I Theoretical Approaches to the Commodification of Animals It's Not Humans, It's Animal Capital! Animals and Nature: The Co-modification of the Sentient Biosphere Abstract Life, Abstract Labor, Abstract Mind Mission Impossible? Reflections on Objectification and Instrumentalization of Animals in the Economy Part II Case Studies of the Commodification of Animals The Commodification of Living Beings in the Fur Trade: The Intersection of Cheap Raw Materials and Cheap Labor Capitalism Has Granted Wolves a Temporary Reprieve from Extinction The Landowners' Ethic: Aldo Leopold, Game Management, and Private Property Part III Argentina's Working Class The Dynamics of Violence and Labor Conflict in Villa Constitución, Argentina, 1973–1975 Index
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