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Differential Responses of Plant Foliage to Simulated Acid Rain

1979; Wiley; Volume: 66; Issue: 8 Linguagem: Inglês

10.2307/2442237

1537-2197

Lance S. Evans, Thérèse M. Curry,

Fern and Epiphyte Biology

American Journal of BotanyVolume 66, Issue 8 p. 953-962 Article DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSES OF PLANT FOLIAGE TO SIMULATED ACID RAIN Lance S. Evans, Lance S. Evans Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, The Bronx, New York, 10471 Land and Freshwater Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Energy and Environment, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973Search for more papers by this authorThérèse M. Curry, Thérèse M. Curry Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, The Bronx, New York, 10471Search for more papers by this author Lance S. Evans, Lance S. Evans Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, The Bronx, New York, 10471 Land and Freshwater Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Energy and Environment, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973Search for more papers by this authorThérèse M. Curry, Thérèse M. Curry Laboratory of Plant Morphogenesis, Manhattan College, The Bronx, New York, 10471Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 September 1979 https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1979.tb06306.xCitations: 43AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract Experiments were performed to show the responses of foliage of several clones of Tradescantia sp., Pteridium aquilinum, Quercus palustris, and Glycine max to simulated acid rain. These experiments were performed to (a) predict the relative sensitivities of foliage of these plants to acid rain, and (b) identify leaf surface and anatomical alterations to simulated acid rain that may be used to diagnose acid rain injury. Plants were exposed to simulated rain at pH levels of 5.7, 3.4, 3.1, 2.9, 2.7, 2.5, and 2.3. Sporophyte leaves of bracken fern {P. aquilinum) were most sensitive to simulated acid rain among the species tested. About 10% of the surface area of older leaves of P. aquilinum was injured after exposure to 10 rainfalls at pH 2.5 (a single 20-min rainfall daily). Foliage of pin oak (Q. palustris) exhibited less than one-percent leaf area injury after exposure to simulated rain at pH 2.5 after 10 rainfalls (one 20-min rainfall daily). The responses of soybeans (G. max) and spiderwort (Tradescantia sp.) were intermediate between these two extremes. Histological observations show that lesion development results in collapsed leaf tissue in all four species. Gall formation that resulted from both cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia occurred in lesions of Tradescantia, and Q. palustris. Limited hyperplastic and hypertrophic reactions occurred in G. max foliage after exposure to simulated acid rain but no leaf galls resulted. Sporophyte foliage of P. aquilinum exhibited a "granular" type abnormality in the cytoplasm prior to the collapse of some epidermal cells injured by simulated rain. Injury occurred most frequently near vascular tissues and trichomes in all four species. In general, plant species that show cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy of leaf tissues after exposure to simulated acid rain are injured less than species that do not show these responses. Citing Literature Volume66, Issue8September 1979Pages 953-962 RelatedInformation