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ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION OF PESTICIDES IN A SMALL SOUTHERN SASKATCHEWAN WATERSHED

1995; Wiley; Volume: 14; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1897/1552-8618(1995)14[1171

1552-8618

Don T. Waite, R. Grover, Neil D. Westcott, Don G. Irvine, Lorne A. Kerr, H. Sommerstad,

Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology

Environmental Toxicology and ChemistryVolume 14, Issue 7 p. 1171-1175 Article Atmospheric deposition of pesticides in a small southern saskatchewan watershed Don T. Waite, Corresponding Author Don T. Waite Environment Canada, District Office, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4P 4K1 CanadaEnvironment Canada, District Office, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4P 4K1 CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorHal Sommerstad, Hal Sommerstad Environment Canada, District Office, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4P 4K1 CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorRaj Grover, Raj Grover Agriculture Canada, Research Station, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4P 3A2 CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorLorne A. Kerr, Lorne A. Kerr Agriculture Canada, Research Station, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4P 3A2 CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorNeil D. Westcott, Neil D. Westcott Agriculture Canada, Research Station, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0X2 CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorDon G. Irvine, Don G. Irvine Toxicology Research Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N OWO CanadaSearch for more papers by this author Don T. Waite, Corresponding Author Don T. Waite Environment Canada, District Office, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4P 4K1 CanadaEnvironment Canada, District Office, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4P 4K1 CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorHal Sommerstad, Hal Sommerstad Environment Canada, District Office, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4P 4K1 CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorRaj Grover, Raj Grover Agriculture Canada, Research Station, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4P 3A2 CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorLorne A. Kerr, Lorne A. Kerr Agriculture Canada, Research Station, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4P 3A2 CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorNeil D. Westcott, Neil D. Westcott Agriculture Canada, Research Station, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0X2 CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorDon G. Irvine, Don G. Irvine Toxicology Research Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N OWO CanadaSearch for more papers by this author First published: July 1995 https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620140707Citations: 41AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Abstract Weekly atmospheric deposition samples were collected from early May to early September during 1984 to 1987 in a small agricultural watershed near Regina, Saskatchewan, an area in the midst of extensive agricultural pesticide use in the Canadian prairies. "Bulk" deposition samples were collected weekly in duplicate and analyzed for six herbicides (bromoxynil, 2,4–D, dicamba, diclofop, triallate, and trifluralin) and five insecticides (carbaryl, carbofuran, chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, and dimethoate). In general, no significant differences were found among the duplicate samples. Over the 4-year period, the frequency of weekly detection of herbicides during the growing seasons was 0, 32, 39, 53, 58, and 67% for trifluralin, bromoxynil, triallate, diclofop, dicamba, and 2,4–D, respectively. For insecticides, only carbaryl and carbofuran were detected in one to two samples in the years for which the insecticides were analyzed. This infrequent detection reflected the relatively high detection limits set for the insecticides as compared to those for the herbicides. The seasonal herbicide atmospheric deposits during the growing period over the 4-year period (mg ha−1) ranged from 90 to 234 (bromoxynil), 386 to 1,374 (2,4-D), 20 to 219 (dicamba), 43 to 338 (diclofop), and 9 to 260 (triallate). Highest deposition rates were measured during and immediately following the spraying periods, with lesser, but significant, amounts also being detected during the harvest operations in August. References 1 Strachan, W.M.J.: 1985. Organochlorine substances in the rainfall of Lake Superior. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 4: 667– 683. 2 Strachan, W.M.J.: 1988. Toxic contaminants in rainfall in Canada: 1984. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 7: 871– 878. 3 Strachan, W.M.J., H. Huneault, W.M. Schertzer and F.C. Elder: 1980. Organochlorines in precipitation in the Great Lakes region. In B.K. Afghan and D. Mackay, eds., Hydrocarbons and Halogenated Hydrocarbons in the Aquatic Environment. Plenum, New York, NY, pp. 387– 396. 4 Grover, R.: 1989. Magnitude and source of airborne residues of herbicides in Saskatchewan. In J.A. Dosman and D.W. Cockcraft, eds., Principles of Health and Safety in Agriculture. CRC, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 222– 225. 5 Wu, T.L.: 1981. Atrazine residues in estuarine water and the aerial deposition of atrazine into Rhode River, Maryland. Water Air Soil Pollut. 15: 173– 184. 6 Glotfelty, D.E., G.H. Williams, H.P. Freeman and M.M. Leech: 1990. Regional atmospheric transport and deposition of pesticides in Maryland. In D.A. Kurtz, ed., Long Range Transport of Pesticides. Lewis, Chelsea, MI, pp. 199– 221. 7 Seba, D.B. and J.M. Prospero: 1971. Pesticides in the lower atmosphere of the northern equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Atmos. Environ. 5: 1043– 1050. 8 Prospero, J.M. and D.B. Seba: 1972. Some additional measurements of pesticides in the lower atmosphere of the northern equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Atmos. Environ. 6: 363– 364. 9 Grover, R.: 1991. Nature, transport, and fate of airborne residues. In R. Grover and A.J. Cessna, eds., Environmental Chemistry of Herbicides Vol. II. CRC, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 89– 117. 10 D.A. Kurtz, ed. 1990. Long Range Transport of Pesticides. Lewis, Chelsea, MI, p. 462. 11 Anonymous. 1989. Herbicides used for agricultural weed control in western Canada, 1986–88. Statistics Section, Economics Branch, Manitoba Agriculture, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. 12 Environment Canada. 1991. The state of Canada's environment. EN-54/1991E. Department of Supplies and Services, Environment Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. 13 Waite, D.T., R. Grover, N.D. Westcott, H. Sommerstad and L. Kerr: 1992. Pesticides in ground water, surface water and spring runoff in a small Saskatchewan watershed. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 11: 741– 748. 14 Cessna, A.J., R. Grover, L.A. Kerr and M.L. Aldred: 1985. A multiresidue method for the analysis and verification of several herbicides in water. J. Agric. Food Chem. 33: 504– 507. 15 Sonderquist, C.J., D.G. Crosby, K.W. Moilaven, J.M. Seilser and J.E. Wostrow: 1975. Occurrence of trifluralin and its photoproducts in air. J. Agric. Food Chem. 23: 304– 309. 16 Saskatchewan Department of Agriculture and Food. 1994. Weed control in field and forage crops, 1994. Report. Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. Citing Literature Volume14, Issue7July 1995Pages 1171-1175 ReferencesRelatedInformation