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Epitaxial graphene quantum dots for high-performance terahertz bolometers

2016; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 11; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/nnano.2015.303

1748-3395

A. El Fatimy, Rachael L. Myers‐Ward, Anthony K. Boyd, Kevin M. Daniels, D. Kurt Gaskill, Paola Barbara,

Topological Materials and Phenomena

Bolometers with high responsivity and low electrical noise can be fabricated exploiting the conductance gap induced in graphene quantum dots by quantum confinement and their interaction with the substrate. Light absorption in graphene causes a large change in electron temperature due to the low electronic heat capacity and weak electron–phonon coupling1,2,3. This property makes graphene a very attractive material for hot-electron bolometers in the terahertz frequency range. Unfortunately, the weak variation of electrical resistance with temperature results in limited responsivity for absorbed power. Here, we show that, due to quantum confinement, quantum dots of epitaxial graphene on SiC exhibit an extraordinarily high variation of resistance with temperature (higher than 430 MΩ K−1 below 6 K), leading to responsivities of 1 × 1010 V W−1, a figure that is five orders of magnitude higher than other types of graphene hot-electron bolometer. The high responsivity, combined with an extremely low electrical noise-equivalent power (∼2 × 10−16 W Hz−1/2 at 2.5 K), already places our bolometers well above commercial cooled bolometers. Additionally, we show that these quantum dot bolometers demonstrate good performance at temperature as high as 77 K.