Public health risks associated with Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) as a food‐borne pathogen
2015; Wiley; Volume: 13; Issue: 12 Linguagem: Inglês
10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4330
ISSN1831-4732
Tópico(s)Vibrio bacteria research studies
ResumoEFSA JournalVolume 13, Issue 12 4330 OpinionOpen Access Public health risks associated with Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) as a food-borne pathogen Panel on Biological Hazards, Panel on Biological HazardsSearch for more papers by this author Panel on Biological Hazards, Panel on Biological HazardsSearch for more papers by this author First published: 16 December 2015 https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4330Citations: 11 Panel members: Ana Allende, Declan Bolton, Marianne Chemaly, Robert Davies, Pablo Salvador Fernández Escámez, Rosina Gironés, Lieve Herman, Kostas Koutsoumanis, Roland Lindqvist, Birgit Nørrung, Antonia Ricci, Lucy Robertson, Giuseppe Ru, Moez Sanaa, Marion Simmons, Panagiotis Skandamis, Emma Snary, Niko Speybroeck, Benno Ter Kuile, John Threlfall and Helene Wahlström. Correspondence: [email protected] Acknowledgement: The Panel wishes to thank the members of the Working Group on public health risks associated with Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) as a food-borne pathogen: Declan Bolton, Robert Davies, Gad Frankel, Claire Jenkins, Annemarie Käsbohrer, Stefano Morabito, Taina Niskanen, Flemming Scheutz and John Threlfall for the preparatory work on this scientific output and EFSA staff members: Maria Teresa da Silva Felicio, Pietro Stella and Emmanouil Chantzis for the support provided to this scientific output. Adoption date: 2 December 2015 Published date: 16 December 2015 Question number: EFSA-Q-2014-00536 On request from: EFSA AboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Abstract Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) adhere to tissue culture cells in a stacked-brick pattern mediated by aggregative adherence fimbriae (AAF). EAEC strains often produce the heat-stable toxin EAST1, the Shigella enterotoxin (ShET1) and Haemolysin E. EAEC have been associated with cases of diarrhoea in travellers, children and immunocompromised patients and with urinary tract infections. Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing EAEC have been associated with Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome and Haemorrhagic Colitis. EAEC are considered to be adapted to humans. In low-income countries animals may become exposed to EAEC from human waste. Food-related outbreaks of EAEC are frequently suggestive of cross-contamination by asympomatic food handlers. EAEC form biofilms, which has been linked to the severity of disease. The adhesion assay remains the most sensitive option for confirming isolates as EAEC. PCR provides accurate identification of EAEC and diagnosis of EAEC infections, but there is no consensus on a standard assay for the examination of foods. The protocol of the European Union Reference Laboratory for E. coli including Verocytotoxin-producing E. coli (EU RL VTEC) is considered a good candidate for the molecular detection of EAEC in food matrices by EU MSs. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) can provide data on the population structure of EAEC. Foodborne outbreaks of EAEC exhibiting antimicrobial resistance (AMR) have been reported but the origin of the resistance genes has not been fully established. Research needs include: (i) the development and validation of PCR-based methods for detection and quantification of EAEC in foods, and (ii) a standardised and validated multiplex approach to the identification of causal agents of diarrhoeal illnesses involving multiple pathogens. Surveillance needs include: (i) quantification of the possible involvement of EAEC strains in foods originating from low-income countries where sanitation is poor, and (ii) increased surveillance of foods associated with mixed pathogen outbreaks. When investigating foodborne outbreaks, testing for EAEC should be included as routine. Finally, WGS-based approaches for EAEC should be further explored. References Abe CM, Salvador FA, Falsetti IN, Vieira MAM, Blanco J, Blanco JE, Blanco M, Machado AMO, Elias WP, Hernandes RT and Gomes TAT, 2008. 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