Interactions of an Insecticide with Competition and Pond Drying in Amphibian Communities
2002; Wiley; Volume: 12; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês
10.2307/3061155
ISSN1939-5582
AutoresMichelle D. Boone, Raymond D. Semlitsch,
Tópico(s)Animal Behavior and Reproduction
ResumoEcological ApplicationsVolume 12, Issue 1 p. 307-316 Regular Article INTERACTIONS OF AN INSECTICIDE WITH COMPETITION AND POND DRYING IN AMPHIBIAN COMMUNITIES Michelle D. Boone, Michelle D. Boone 105 Tucker Hall, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211-7400 USA Present address: 4200 New Haven Road, USGS, Columbia, Missouri 65201 USA. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorRaymond D. Semlitsch, Raymond D. Semlitsch 105 Tucker Hall, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211-7400 USASearch for more papers by this author Michelle D. Boone, Michelle D. Boone 105 Tucker Hall, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211-7400 USA Present address: 4200 New Haven Road, USGS, Columbia, Missouri 65201 USA. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorRaymond D. Semlitsch, Raymond D. Semlitsch 105 Tucker Hall, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211-7400 USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 February 2002 https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2002)012[0307:IOAIWC]2.0.CO;2Citations: 99 Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract Amphibian populations are often imbedded in agricultural landscapes. Therefore the potential for contamination of their habitat is considerable. Our study examined the effects of an insecticide (carbaryl, a neurotoxin), on larval amphibian communities experiencing natural stresses of competition for resources, predation, and pond drying. In a set of experimental ponds, tadpoles of three anuran species (southern leopard frog [Rana sphenocephala], plains leopard frog [R. blairi], and the Woodhouse's toad [Bufo woodhousii]) were added to 1000-L ponds containing leaf litter, plankton, two newts (Notophthalmus viridescens), and four overwintered green frog (R. clamitans) tadpoles. We manipulated the overall tadpole density (low or high), pond hydroperiod (constant or drying), and chemical exposure (0, 3.5, 5.0, or 7.0 mg/L carbaryl) of the ponds. We measured mass, time, and survival to metamorphosis to determine treatment effects. Carbaryl positively affected Woodhouse's toad survival, although it had a negligible effect on both leopard frog species. Tadpole density interacted with the chemical treatment: proportionately more Woodhouse's toads survived to metamorphosis in high-density environments than in low-density or control environments. Greater survival may be an indirect effect of increased algal food resources from carbaryl exposure. Most newts lost mass over the course of the experiment, although ponds with drying hydroperiods and high anuran density were the least favorable environments. Overwintered green frogs exposed to carbaryl had longer larval periods on average than did green frogs in control ponds. Our study demonstrated that even sublethal, short-lived contaminants can alter natural communities in ways that cannot be predicted from simple, one-factor studies. Literature Cited Alford, R. A., and H. M. Wilbur . 1985. Priority effects in experimental pond communities: competition between Bufo and Rana. Ecology 66: 1097–1105. 10.2307/1939161 Web of Science®Google Scholar Berven, K. A., and D. E. Gill . 1983. 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