Belowground Consequences of Vegetation Change and Their Treatment in Models
2000; Wiley; Volume: 10; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês
10.2307/2641107
ISSN1939-5582
AutoresRachel Jackson, H. J. Schenk, E. G. Jobbagy, J. Canadell, G. D. Colello, R. E. Dickinson, Charmaine Field, P. Friedlingstein, Martin Heimann, K. Hibbard, D. W. Kicklighter, Axel Kleidon, R. P. Neilson, W. J. Parton, O. E. Sala, M. T. Sykes,
Tópico(s)Tree-ring climate responses
ResumoEcological ApplicationsVolume 10, Issue 2 p. 470-483 Article BELOWGROUND CONSEQUENCES OF VEGETATION CHANGE AND THEIR TREATMENT IN MODELS R. B. Jackson, R. B. Jackson Department of Botany and Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 USASearch for more papers by this authorH. J. Schenk, H. J. Schenk Department of Botany and Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 USA National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, 735 State Street, Santa Barbara, California 93101 USASearch for more papers by this authorE. G. Jobbágy, E. G. Jobbágy Department of Botany and Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 USASearch for more papers by this authorJ. Canadell, J. Canadell CSIRO, Division of Wildlife and Ecology, P.O. Box 84, Lyneham, ACT 2602 AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorG. D. Colello, G. D. Colello Carnegie Institution of Washington, Department of Plant Biology, 290 Panama Street, Stanford, California 94305 USASearch for more papers by this authorR. E. Dickinson, R. E. Dickinson Institute for Atmospheric Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721 USASearch for more papers by this authorC. B. Field, C. B. Field Carnegie Institution of Washington, Department of Plant Biology, 290 Panama Street, Stanford, California 94305 USASearch for more papers by this authorP. Friedlingstein, P. Friedlingstein NASA/GISS, 2880 Broadway, New York, New York 10025 USASearch for more papers by this authorM. Heimann, M. Heimann Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, Bundesstrasse 55, D-20146 Hamburg, GermanySearch for more papers by this authorK. Hibbard, K. Hibbard Climate Change Research Center, GAIM Task Force, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824 USASearch for more papers by this authorD. W. Kicklighter, D. W. Kicklighter The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Lab, No.7 MBL Street, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 USASearch for more papers by this authorA. Kleidon, A. Kleidon Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, Bundesstrasse 55, D-20146 Hamburg, GermanySearch for more papers by this authorR. P. Neilson, R. P. Neilson USDA Forest Service, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 USASearch for more papers by this authorW. J. Parton, W. J. Parton Colorado State University, Department of Rangeland Ecosystem Science, Ft. Collins, Colorado 80523 USASearch for more papers by this authorO. E. Sala, O. E. Sala Departamento de Ecologia, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martin 4453, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaSearch for more papers by this authorM. T. Sykes, M. T. Sykes Global Systems Group, Lund University, Ekologihuset, S-223 62 Lund, SwedenSearch for more papers by this author R. B. Jackson, R. B. Jackson Department of Botany and Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 USASearch for more papers by this authorH. J. Schenk, H. J. Schenk Department of Botany and Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 USA National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, 735 State Street, Santa Barbara, California 93101 USASearch for more papers by this authorE. G. Jobbágy, E. G. Jobbágy Department of Botany and Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 USASearch for more papers by this authorJ. Canadell, J. Canadell CSIRO, Division of Wildlife and Ecology, P.O. Box 84, Lyneham, ACT 2602 AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorG. D. Colello, G. D. Colello Carnegie Institution of Washington, Department of Plant Biology, 290 Panama Street, Stanford, California 94305 USASearch for more papers by this authorR. E. Dickinson, R. E. Dickinson Institute for Atmospheric Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721 USASearch for more papers by this authorC. B. Field, C. B. Field Carnegie Institution of Washington, Department of Plant Biology, 290 Panama Street, Stanford, California 94305 USASearch for more papers by this authorP. Friedlingstein, P. Friedlingstein NASA/GISS, 2880 Broadway, New York, New York 10025 USASearch for more papers by this authorM. Heimann, M. Heimann Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, Bundesstrasse 55, D-20146 Hamburg, GermanySearch for more papers by this authorK. Hibbard, K. Hibbard Climate Change Research Center, GAIM Task Force, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824 USASearch for more papers by this authorD. W. Kicklighter, D. W. Kicklighter The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Lab, No.7 MBL Street, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 USASearch for more papers by this authorA. Kleidon, A. Kleidon Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, Bundesstrasse 55, D-20146 Hamburg, GermanySearch for more papers by this authorR. P. Neilson, R. P. Neilson USDA Forest Service, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 USASearch for more papers by this authorW. J. Parton, W. J. Parton Colorado State University, Department of Rangeland Ecosystem Science, Ft. Collins, Colorado 80523 USASearch for more papers by this authorO. E. Sala, O. E. Sala Departamento de Ecologia, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martin 4453, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaSearch for more papers by this authorM. T. Sykes, M. T. Sykes Global Systems Group, Lund University, Ekologihuset, S-223 62 Lund, SwedenSearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 April 2000 https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[0470:BCOVCA]2.0.CO;2Citations: 265Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract The extent and consequences of global land-cover and land-use change are increasingly apparent. One consequence not so apparent is the altered structure of plants belowground. This paper examines such belowground changes, emphasizing the interaction of altered root distributions with other factors and their treatment in models. Shifts of woody and herbaceous vegetation with deforestation, afforestation, and woody plant encroachment typically alter the depth and distribution of plant roots, influencing soil nutrients, the water balance, and net primary productivity (NPP). For example, our analysis of global soil data sets shows that the major plant nutrients C, N, P, and K are more shallowly distributed than are Ca, Mg, and Na, but patterns for each element vary with the dominant vegetation type. After controlling for climate, soil C and N are distributed more deeply in arid shrublands than in arid grasslands, and subhumid forests have shallower nutrient distributions than do subhumid grasslands. Consequently, changes in vegetation may influence the distribution of soil carbon and nutrients over time (perhaps decades to centuries). Shifts in the water balance are typically much more rapid. Catchment studies indicate that the water yield decreases 25–40 mm for each 10% increase in tree cover, and increases in transpiration of water taken up by deep roots may account for as much as 50% of observed responses. Because models are increasingly important for predicting the consequences of vegetation change, we discuss the treatment of belowground processes and how different treatments affect model outputs. Whether models are parameterized by biome or plant life form (or neither), use single or multiple soil layers, or include N and water limitation will all affect predicted outcomes. Acknowledging and understanding such differences should help constrain predictions of vegetation change. Literature Cited Aguiar, M. R., J. M. Paruelo, O. E. Sala, and W. K. Lauenroth . 1996. Ecosystem responses to changes in plant functional type composition: an example from the Patagonian steppe. Journal of Vegetation Science 7: 381–390. 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