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Lessons to be Learnt from the Campaigns in which British Forces have been Employed Since the Year 1865

1887; Taylor & Francis; Volume: 31; Issue: 139 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1080/03071848709415824

0035-9289

Charles E. Callwell,

Military History and Strategy

IST~ODUCTXOS.I'ractical raluc to the Dritisli Army of espcricncc3 of rcccnt wars.n'ccesit of nidifjing m c t h d s of war to suit particular caw, when o p p i c d to 6 u c i adrcrsarics as n o gcncn~ly ~i n T o to dcnl witli.I n nll c3sc.rmctliocls of war of nccczsity diffccr from pmcticc a; established by struglea bctwcn cirilizccl Poncrr.I n irregular warfuro tlic disciplincd nrmy i3 constmind to conform etratcgy and tnctizc to tliosc of its oppncntz.Subdirision of tho subjcct iiito Iicnds.SIB ATEGY.Fmtnctcd .climctcr of irrcylar aarfarc ns comparcd with m c n t Contincztal The Inifiaficr.-l\'h~ n prompt rcirurc of, tlio initiative is of lcaa momcnt in EsnmplcJ : Cnpturc of Kabul in 18iO.Bocr War.Ed3 of d c l y aftcr Iioatilitics carupaignz.irregular than in Europcaii varfarc.E m t i i n cniiipaign of 18S2 csccptional.hire comiiienccrl.Drscrnfs on a Uoslife Consf.-Esamldcs of latitudo of nction conferred by such o coursc.Zulu Wnr.committinfi thcmsclres to nction.Its drawbacks.Exxnplca : 'Thc landing a t I s m d i n in 16S2.Port Durnford in tho DiJiculLirs of briuging Xallcrs lo a Drcisire Issue.-Suchadrcrsnric3 shrink from Conscqucncc~ of csccptional tactics of Zulus, Chazii, and Arabs.3Ioral cfIect of gencrd cngagcmcnts on our adrenarica.Doldncss cs3cntial in sucli warfare.Dircct nttack prcfcmblc to stmtcgio manauncs.Rcaron for this.Coni~rccnicnfions.-Indcpciidcnco of tlic aclrcrmy iu this rcapcct.LESSOSS TO DE LEARST FROM C-\IlPAIGSS Srporafion in the Fii'tld.-Isandlwlianannd 3lnjuba llill.IYlicn reparation seems permissible.U o n l cffcct of inrnsion on rcrcnl lines, and a d r a n t a p of ouch a coursc.Esnmplcs from the Zulu, Aslianti, nnd Af~linn Vara.Thc xpamtion of thc Army nt h'orti into two forco.L .e d of Daroar Raniour iu t i c J.'ad.-Ita tcndcncr to conrc information to tho cncmy.Houtliis elenicnt niar be tiirncd to nccount.&ic prctendcd nttack 'on dbouliir in 1652.Esam lo from thc Exptinn Wnr of 16.51, shoring naturc of cridcncc on wliich our axvursnrics will act.T a r Correspoii(lcnts.-Objcctions to tlicir prcscnco in camp.Sprcnd of this nuis:incc of rcccnt rcnrs.Tho nccczsity of dcspntt'hing n forcc suffiricnt for tlic matter in hand, cs ilhirtntcd by thcsc wnrs. TACTICS.Sii~gcstioii for mecting tlic difliculty.TncticaI supcriority of n dirciplincd n r m j compcneatc3 for its strntcgical infcrioritr.Our ndrcrsirica cudtarour to mcct nrnis of precision by forcc of nuinlcri.Esa:nylcs.Inrunfry Tucfict.-Tlic two ninin Cnli?C3 tlint 1iarc bccn at work iu producing modcrn infantq tactics nro nbscnt in smnll oms.Dcrclopmcnt of rill0 firc to be conibincd with prcpnntion for sliock tnctics.Infantry a t Arogcc and Iiirbcknn mcct hostilc rush iu cxtcndcd onlcr.Case of Tnmai.Failurc of cstcndcd ordcr n t Isandlrrlima.Abu Klca.T h e n tlic liortilc tnctics nrc-ofkcnsirc and onslau,oht is rip"orous, clorc ordcr gcnerally nrccss:iry.Esnnipi22 of dlimcd Kchl and Tornu