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The Quinolones

1985; American College of Physicians; Volume: 102; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.7326/0003-4819-102-3-400

1539-3704

Robert J. Fass,

Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy

Editorials1 March 1985The QuinolonesROBERT J. FASS, M.D.ROBERT J. FASS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-3-400 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptNalidixic acid is a quinolonecarboxylic acid that was introduced into medical practice in 1963. As an orally given drug, it had a spectrum of activity as broad as that of kanamycin; most enterobacteria were susceptible, but Pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterococci were resistant. Its use was limited to the treatment of urinary tract infections because of low achievable blood concentrations. Although gastrointestinal, dermatologic, and neurologic (visual disturbances, confusion, hallucinations, seizures) effects were occasionally seen, therapy with the drug was relatively well tolerated (1).Because of problems with bacterial resistance, nalidixic acid was never a very popular therapeutic agent. In one study...References1. RONALDTURCKPETERSDORF AMR. A critical evaluation of nalidixic acid in urinary-tract infections. N Engl J Med. 1966;275:1081-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. STAMEYBRAGONJE TJ. Resistance to nalidixic acid: a misconception due to underdosage. JAMA. 1976;236:1857-60. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BERGFORSBURMANEKLöFNORDSTRöMTÄRNVIK SLPKA. Transferable and non-transferable drug resistance in enteric bacteria isolated from urinary specimens in Northern Sweden. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand [B]. 1972;80:511-8. Google Scholar4. ITOHIRAIINOUE AKM. In vitro antibacterial activity of AM-715, a new nalidixic acid analog. 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Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1984;26:481-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar19. CRIDERCOLBYMILLERHARRISONKERBSBERG SSLWSS. Treatment of penicillin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae with oral norfloxacin. N Engl J Med. 1984;311:137-40. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar20. HEESSENMUYTJENS FH. In vitro activities of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, pipemidic acid, cinoxacin, and nalidixic acid against Chlamydia trachomatis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1984;25:123-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar21. COFSKYDUBOUCHETLANDESMAN RLS. Recovery of norfloxacin in feces after administration of a single oral dose to human volunteers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1984;26:110-11. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar22. FRIMODT-MÓLLERJENSENMADSEN PKP. Antibacterial activity of norfloxacin in the gastrointestinal tracts of rats. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1983;24:560-3. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar23. SOBIESKIBREWER RA. Toxicity of nalidixic acid on Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Kluyveromyces lactis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1976;9:485-92. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar24. GAYDEYOUNGROBERTS JDG. In vitro activities of norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. avium complex, M. chelonei, M. fortuitum, and M. kansasii. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1984;26:94-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar25. OSADAOGAWA YH. Antimycoplasmal activity of ofloxacin (DL-8280). Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1983;23:509-11. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus, Ohio PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByIntestinal elimination of ofloxacin enantiomers in the rat: evidence of a carrier-mediated processComparative pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and pefloxacin in human aqueous humourRufloxacin once daily in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitisPathogenicity of foodborne SalmonellaEpidemiological study of Staphylococcus aureus resistance to new quinolones in a university hospitalRecent Developments in the Field of Quinolone Antibacterial AgentsFluoroquinolonesPharmacokinetics of three newer quinolones in pregnant and lactating womenDrug-drug interactions with ciprofloxacin and other fluoroquinolonesFluoroquinolone antimicrobial agentsComparative in vitro activity of the two new 4-quinolones S-25930 and S-25932 against gram-positive bacteria isolated from cancer patientsOral Antibiotic Therapy of Dermatologic ConditionsThe Absorption and Disposition of Enoxacin in Healthy SubjectsNorfloxacin: A New Targeted Fluoroquinolone Antimicrobial AgentJOHN S. WOLFSON, M.D., DAVID C. HOOPER, M.D.Macrolides: Problems and PromisesMode of Action, and In Vitro and In Vivo Activities of the FluoroquinolonesPharmacokinetics of ofloxacin after parenteral and oral administrationNorfloxacin: A fluoroquinolone carboxylic acid antimicrobial agentNorfloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibacterial agentEfficacy and safety of oral ciprofloxacin for treatment of serious urinary tract infectionsLa Pefloxacina Nel Trattamento Delle Infezioni Delle Vie UrinarieThe Quinolones and Dermatologic PracticeInfluence of medium and method on the in vitro susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other bacteria to ciprofloxacin and enoxacinAntibacterial therapyQuinolones and colonization resistance in human volunteersChapter 14. Quinolone Antibacterial AgentsThe fluoroquinolones: structures, mechanisms of action and resistance, and spectra of activity in vitro 1 March 1985Volume 102, Issue 3Page: 400-402KeywordsAttentionBloodDrugsEnterobacteriaceaeEpileptic seizuresHallucinationsNeurological drug therapyPseudomonas aeruginosa Issue Published: 1 March 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...