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The influence of ambient temperature on tailpipe emissions from 1984–1987 model year light-duty gasoline motor vehicles

1989; Elsevier BV; Volume: 23; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/0004-6981(89)90579-9

1878-2442

Fred D. Stump, Silvestre B. Tejada, William D. Ray, D. Dropkin, Frank Black, William Crews, Richard Snow, Paula Siudak, C.O. Davis, Linnie Baker, Ned Perry,

Catalytic Processes in Materials Science

Motor vehicle emissions are sensitive to a number of variables including ambient temperature, driving schedule (speed vs time) and fuel composition. Hydrocarbon (HC), aldehyde, CO and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions were examined with nine recent technology 4-cylinder gasoline motor vehicles at 21.1°C (70°F), 4.4°C (40°F), and −6.7°C (20°F). About 200 HC and 12 aldehyde compounds were included in the organic emissions characterization. Two fuels and two driving schedules were used. Typically, HC and CO emissions were significantly increased by reduced ambient temperature. NOx emissions also increased, but to a lesser extent. There were no predictable formaldehyde emissions trend with temperature. Paraffins and aromatic HC emission fractions were sensitive to fuel composition, but the olefinic emission fraction (dominated by ethylene and propylene) was not. With low temperature cold start tests, preceding driving with a 5 min engine idle resulted in reduced CO emission rates and elevated NOx emission rates. HC emission rates were not predictably sensitive to the preliminary idle.