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Effects of Light, Alien Grass, and Native Species Additions on Hawaiian Dry Forest Restoration

2002; Wiley; Volume: 12; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.2307/3099925

1939-5582

Robert J. Cabin, Stephen G. Weller, David H. Lorence, Susan Cordell, Lisa J. Hadway, Rebecca Montgomery, Don Goo, Alan Urakami,

Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies

Ecological ApplicationsVolume 12, Issue 6 p. 1595-1610 Regular Article EFFECTS OF LIGHT, ALIEN GRASS, AND NATIVE SPECIES ADDITIONS ON HAWAIIAN DRY FOREST RESTORATION Robert J. Cabin, Robert J. Cabin USDA Forest Service, Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, 23 East Kawili St., Hilo, Hawaii 96720 USA Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, SUNY Plattsburgh, 101 Broad Street, Plattsburgh, New York 12901 USA. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorStephen G. Weller, Stephen G. Weller Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697 USASearch for more papers by this authorDavid H. Lorence, David H. Lorence National Tropical Botanical Garden, 3530 Papalina Road, Kalaheo, Hawaii 96741 USASearch for more papers by this authorSusan Cordell, Susan Cordell USDA Forest Service, Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, 23 East Kawili St., Hilo, Hawaii 96720 USASearch for more papers by this authorLisa J. Hadway, Lisa J. Hadway Hawaii State Department of Land and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 4849, Hilo, Hawaii 96720 USASearch for more papers by this authorRebecca Montgomery, Rebecca Montgomery Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 USASearch for more papers by this authorDon Goo, Don Goo USDA Forest Service, Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, 23 East Kawili St., Hilo, Hawaii 96720 USASearch for more papers by this authorAlan Urakami, Alan Urakami USDA Forest Service, Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, 23 East Kawili St., Hilo, Hawaii 96720 USASearch for more papers by this author Robert J. Cabin, Robert J. Cabin USDA Forest Service, Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, 23 East Kawili St., Hilo, Hawaii 96720 USA Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, SUNY Plattsburgh, 101 Broad Street, Plattsburgh, New York 12901 USA. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorStephen G. Weller, Stephen G. Weller Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697 USASearch for more papers by this authorDavid H. Lorence, David H. Lorence National Tropical Botanical Garden, 3530 Papalina Road, Kalaheo, Hawaii 96741 USASearch for more papers by this authorSusan Cordell, Susan Cordell USDA Forest Service, Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, 23 East Kawili St., Hilo, Hawaii 96720 USASearch for more papers by this authorLisa J. Hadway, Lisa J. Hadway Hawaii State Department of Land and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 4849, Hilo, Hawaii 96720 USASearch for more papers by this authorRebecca Montgomery, Rebecca Montgomery Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 USASearch for more papers by this authorDon Goo, Don Goo USDA Forest Service, Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, 23 East Kawili St., Hilo, Hawaii 96720 USASearch for more papers by this authorAlan Urakami, Alan Urakami USDA Forest Service, Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, 23 East Kawili St., Hilo, Hawaii 96720 USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 December 2002 https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2002)012[1595:EOLAGA]2.0.CO;2Citations: 78 Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Abstract Alien species invasions have already caused substantial ecological and economic damage and will likely have even greater negative consequences in the future. Thus, it is imperative to improve our basic ecological understanding of these invasions and enhance our ability to reverse or mitigate their often devastating effects. Invasions by fire-promoting alien grasses have played a particularly important role in the destruction of tropical dry forests and are a major reason why these ecosystems are now among the most endangered in the world. We investigated how light availability (full sun and 50% shade), alien grass control (bulldoze, herbicide, plastic mulch, and trim treatments), and native species additions (outplanting and direct-seeding) affected the establishment of native plants and the suppression of a dominant invasive bunchgrass (fountain grass, Pennisetum setaceum) within a highly degraded fenced dry forest remnant on the island of Hawaii. The percent cover of native species increased in all light, grass control, and species addition treatments throughout the 20 mo of the experiment, and was greatest in the shade, bulldoze, and outplant treatments. Although fountain grass cover also increased over time in all grass control treatments, the three more aggressive techniques all significantly reduced grass cover relative to the more moderate trim treatment. In addition, there was a significant overall negative correlation between the final cover of fountain grass and native species, suggesting that these native species may successfully compete with fountain grass for water and/or nutrients. Outplant survival and the number of individuals established from direct-seeding differed significantly among the grass control treatments, and in each case, the response was highly species specific. Photosynthetic rates of established outplanted individuals and fountain grass did not differ significantly across most experimental environments, indicating that the local dominance of fountain grass may not be due to superior physiological attributes. The results of this experiment highlight the importance of investigating species- and treatment-specific responses before attempting larger-scale restoration projects, particularly when using rare and endangered species. This study also suggests that relatively simple techniques may be used to simultaneously establish populations of vigorous understory native species and suppress alien grasses at relatively large spatial scales, and that remnant or newly created favorable microsites may be exploited to facilitate the establishment of rarer native overstory species. Literature Cited Aide, T. M., and J. Cavelier . 1994. Barriers to lowland tropical forest restoration in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Columbia. 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