Artigo Revisado por pares

Looking Backwards: Assessing the Projections of a Transition Matrix Model

1999; Wiley; Volume: 9; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.2307/2641396

ISSN

1939-5582

Autores

Paulette Bierzychudek,

Tópico(s)

Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies

Resumo

Ecological ApplicationsVolume 9, Issue 4 p. 1278-1287 Article LOOKING BACKWARDS: ASSESSING THE PROJECTIONS OF A TRANSITION MATRIX MODEL Paulette Bierzychudek, Paulette Bierzychudek Department of Biology, Lewis and Clark College, Portland, Oregon 97219 USA E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author Paulette Bierzychudek, Paulette Bierzychudek Department of Biology, Lewis and Clark College, Portland, Oregon 97219 USA E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 November 1999 https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(1999)009[1278:LBATPO]2.0.CO;2Citations: 93 Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract Analyses of population projection models are increasingly being used by conservation biologists and land managers to assess the health of sensitive species and to evaluate the likely effects of management strategies, harvesting, grazing, or other manipulations. Here I describe some of the limitations of this approach and illustrate how these limitations may affect its usefulness. I do this by comparing the results of such an analysis, performed in 1979 on two populations of a perennial plant, Arisaema triphyllum, with new information about the size and structure of these same populations gathered in 1994, 15 years later. While one population changed as the model projected it would, the other behaved quite differently from the projection. Instead of increasing in size, this population decreased between 1979 and 1994. Possible shortcomings in the data and in the model include: too few plants to provide accurate transition probabilities; too few years to capture accurately the complete range of year-to-year environmental variability; and the failure of the most commonly used form of the model to account for density-dependent vital rates. In addition, the asymptotic growth rates (λ) these models yield may sometimes be irrelevant and even misleading if one's primary interest is in a population's short-term prospects for survival, as is often the case in studies of sensitive species. These shortcomings may apply to many studies involving the use of projection models, and they have important implications for the value of this approach in conservation biology and species management decisions. Literature Cited Alvarez-Buylla, E. 1994. Density-dependence and patch dynamics in tropical rain forests: matrix models and application to a tree species. American Naturalist 143: 155–191. Alvarez-Buylla, E. R., and M. Slatkin . 1991. Finding confidence limits on population growth rates. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 6 7 221–224. Ang, Jr, P. O. 1987. Use of projection matrix models in the assessment of harvesting strategies for Sargassum.. Hydrobiologia 151/152: 335–339. Aplet, G. H., R. D. Laven, and R. B. Shaw . 1994. Application of transition matrix models to the recovery of the rare Hawaiian shrub, Tetralopium arenarium (Asteraceae). Natural Areas Journal 14 2 99–106. Bastrenta, B., J.-D. Lebreton, and J. D. Thompson . 1995. Predicting demographic change in response to herbivory: a model of the effects of grazing and annual variation on the population dynamics of Anthyllis vulneraria.. Journal of Ecology 83: 603–611. Batista, W. B., W. J. Platt, and R. E. Machiavelli . 1998. Demography of a shade-tolerant tree (Fagus grandiflora) in a hurricane-disturbed forest. Ecology 79: 38–53. Bengtsson, K. 1993. Fumana procumbens on Oland—population dynamics of a disjunct species at the northern limit of its range. Journal of Ecology 81: 745–758. Bierzychudek, P. 1982. The demography of jack-in-the-pulpit, a forest perennial that changes sex. Ecological Monographs 52: 335–351. Bullock, J. M., B. Clear Hill, and J. Silvertown . 1994. Demography of Cirsium vulgare in a grazing experiment. Journal of Ecology 82: 101–111. Burgman, M. A., S. Ferson, and H. R. Akcakaya . 1993. Risk assessment in conservation biology. Chapman and Hall, New York, New York, USA. Byers, D. L., and T. R. Meagher . 1997. A comparison of demographic characteristics in a rare and common species of Eupatorium.. Ecological Applications 7: 519–530. Carlsson, B. A., and T. V. Callaghan . 1991. Simulation of fluctuating populations of Carex bigelowii tillers classified by type, age, and size. Oikos 60 2 231–240. Caswell, H. 1989. Matrix population models. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA. Caswell, H., and P. A. Werner . 1978. Transient behavior and life history analysis of teasel (Dipsacus sylvestris Huds.). Ecology 59: 53–66. Charron, D., and D. Gagnon . 1991. The demography of northern populations of Panax quinquefolium (American ginseng). Journal of Ecology 79: 431–445. Cohen, J. E. 1977. Ergodicity of age structure in populations with Markovian vital rates. III. Finite-state moments and growth rate: an illustration. Advances in Applied Probability 9: 462–475. Crooks, K. R., M. A. Sanjayan, and D. F. Doak . 1998. New insights on cheetah conservation through demographic modeling. Conservation Biology 12 4 889–895. Crouse, D. T., L. B. Crowder, and H. Caswell . 1987. A stage-based population model for loggerhead sea turtles and implications for conservation. Ecology 68: 1412–1423. de Kroon, H., A. Plaisier, and J. van Groenendael . 1987. Density dependent simulation of the population dynamics of a perennial grassland species, Hypochaeris radicata.. Oikos 50: 3–12. Doak, D., P. M. Kareiva, and B. Klepetka . 1994. Modeling population viability for the desert tortoise in the Western Mojave Desert. Ecological Applications 4: 446–460. Enright, N. J., and J. Ogden . 1979. Application of transition matrix models in forest dynamics: Araucaria in Papua New Guinea and Nothofagus in New Zealand. Australian Journal of Ecology 4: 3–23. Enright, N. J., and A. D. Watson . 1991. A matrix population model analysis for the tropical tree, Araucaria cunninghamii.. Australian Journal of Ecology 16 4 507–520. Enright, N. J., and A. D. Watson . 1992. Population dynamics of the nikau palm, Rhopalostylis sapida (Wendl-et-Drude), in a temperate forest remnant near Auckland, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 30 1 29–43. Escos, J., C. L. Alados, and J. M. Emlen . 1994. Application of the stage-projection model with density-dependent fecundity to the population dynamics of the Spanish ibex. Canadian Journal of Zoology 72 4 731–737. Ferson, S. 1990. RAMAS/stage: generalized stage-based modeling for population dynamics. Applied Biomathematics, Setauket, New York, USA. Fiedler, P. L. 1987. Life history and population dynamics of rare and common Mariposa lilies (Calochortus Pursh: Liliaceae). Journal of Ecology 75: 977–995. Gillman, M., J. M. Bullock, J. Silvertown, and B. Clear Hill . 1993. Density-dependent models of Cirsium vulgare populations using field-estimated parameter values. Oecologia 96 1 282–289. Ginsberg, J. R., and E. J. Milner-Gulland . 1994. Sex-biased harvesting and population dynamics in ungulates: implications for conservation and sustainable use. Conservation Biology 8 1 157–166. Gregg, K. B. 1991. Variation in behaviour of four populations of the orchid Cleistes divaricata: an assessment using transition matrix models. Pages 139–159 in T. C. E. Wells and J. H. Willems, editors. Population ecology of terrestrial orchids. SPB Academic, The Hague, The Netherlands. Hartshorn, G. S. 1975. A matrix model of tree population dynamics. Pages 41–51 in F. B. Golley and E. Medina, editors. Tropical ecological systems. Springer-Verlag, New York, New York, USA. Hitchcock, C. L., and C. Gratto-Trevor . 1997. Diagnosing a shorebird local population decline with a stage-structured population model. Ecology 78: 522–534. Horvitz, C. C., and D. W. Schemske . 1995. Spatiotemporal variation in demographic transitions of a tropical understory herb: projection matrix analysis. Ecological Monographs 65: 155–192. Huenneke, L. F., and P. L. Marks . 1987. Stem dynamics of the shrub Alnus incana ssp. rugosa: transition matrix models. Ecology 68: 1234–1242. Kaye, T. N., K. Pendergrass, and K. K. Finley . 1994. Population biology of Lomatium bradshawii. I. Population viability analysis under three prairie burning treatments. Report to USDA Bureau of Land Management and Oregon Department of Agriculture Plant Conservation Biology Program. Kephart, S. R., and C. Paladino . 1997. Demographic change and microhabitat variability in a grassland endemic, Silene douglasii var. oraria (Caryophyllaceae). American Journal of Botany 82: 179–189. Keyfitz, N. 1977. Introduction to the mathematics of population. Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts, USA. Lande, R. 1988. Demographic models of the northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina). Oecologia 75: 601–607. Lasker, H. R. 1990. Clonal propagation and population dynamics of a Gorgonian coral. Ecology 71: 1578–1589. Law, R., and M. T. Edley . 1990. Transient dynamics of populations with age- and size-dependent vital rates. Ecology 71: 1863–1870. Lefkovitch, L. P. 1965. The study of population growth in organisms grouped by stages. Biometrics 21: 1–18. Lesica, P., and J. S. Shelly . 1995. Effects of reproductive mode on demography and life history in Arabis fecunda.. American Journal of Botany 82 6 752–762. Leslie, P. H. 1945. On the use of matrices in certain population mathematics. Biometrika 33: 183–212. Maschinski, J., R. Frye, and S. Rutman . 1997. Demography and population viability of an endangered plant species before and after protection from trampling. Conservation Biology 11 4 990–999. McFadden, C. S. 1991. A comparative demographic analysis of clonal reproduction in a temperate soft coral. Ecology 72: 1849–1866. McPeek, M. A., and S. Kalisz . 1993. Population sampling and bootstrapping in complex designs: demographic analysis. Pages 232–252 in S. Scheiner and J. Gurevitch, editors. Design and analysis of ecological experiments. Chapman and Hall, New York, New York, USA. Meagher, T. R. 1982. The population biology of Chamaelirium luteum, a dioecious member of the lily family: two-sex population projections and stable population structure. Ecology 63: 1701–1711. Menges, E. S. 1986. Predicting the future of rare plant populations: demographic monitoring and modeling. Natural Areas Journal 6 3 13–25. Menges, E. S. 1990. Population viability analysis for an endangered plant. Conservation Biology 4: 52–62. Moloney, C. I., J. Cooper, P. G. Ryan, and W. R. Siegfried . 1994. Use of a population model to assess the impact of longline fishing on wandering albatross Diomedea exulans populations. Biological Conservation 70 3 195–203. Moloney, K. A. 1988. Fine-scale spatial and temporal variation in the demography of a perennial bunchgrass. Ecology 69: 1588–1598. Nault, A., and D. Gagnon . 1993. Ramet demography of Allium tricoccum, a spring ephemeral, perennial forest herb. Journal of Ecology 81: 101–119. O'Connor, T. G. 1993. The influence of rainfall and grazing on the demography of some African savanna grasses: a matrix modeling approach. Journal of Applied Ecology 30 1 119–132. Olmstead, I., and E. R. Alvarez-Buylla . 1995. Sustainable harvesting of tropical trees: demography and matrix models of two palm species in Mexico. Ecological Applications 5: 484–500. Oostermeijer, J. G. B., M. L. Brugmann, E. R. DeBoer, and H. C. M. DenNijs . 1996. Temporal and spatial variation in the demography of Gentiana pneumonanthe, a rare perennial herb. Journal of Ecology 84: 153–166. Pennycuick, C. J., R. M. Compton, and L. Beckingham . 1968. A computer model for simulating the growth of a population, or of two interacting populations. Journal of Theoretical Biology 18: 316–329. Pinard, M. 1993. Impacts of stem harvesting on populations of Iriartea deltoidea (Palmae) in an extractive reserve in Acre, Brazil. Biotropica 25 1 2–14. Pinero, D., M. Martinez-Ramos, and J. Sarukhan . 1984. A population model of Astrocaryum mexicanum and a sensitivity analysis of its finite rate of increase. Journal of Ecology 72: 977–991. Price, M. V., and P. A. Kelly . 1994. An age-structured demographic model for the endangered Stephens' kangaroo rat. Conservation Biology 8 3 810–821. Ratsirarson, J., J. A. Silander, Jr, and A. F. Richard . 1996. Conservation and management of a threatened Madagascar palm species, Neodypsis decaryi, Joumelle. Conservation Biology 10 1 40–52. Schemske, D. W., B. C. Husband, M. H. Ruckelshaus, C. Goodwillie, I. M. Parker, and J. G. Bishop . 1994. Evaluating approaches to the conservation of rare and endangered plants. Ecology 75: 584–606. Shea, K., and D. Kelly . Estimating biological control agent impact with matrix models: Carduus nutans in New Zealand. Ecological Applications 1998. 8: 824–832. Silva, J. F., J. Raventos, H. Caswell, and M. C. Trevisan . 1991. Population responses to fire in a tropical savanna grass, Andropogon semiberbis: a matrix model approach. Journal of Ecology 79: 345–356. Slooten, E., and F. Lad . 1991. Population biology and conservation of Hector's dolphin. Canadian Journal of Zoology 69: 1701–1707. Smith, G. C., and R. C. Trout . 1994. Using Leslie matrices to determine wild rabbit population growth and the potential for control. Journal of Applied Ecology 31: 223–230. Solbrig, O. T., R. Sarandon, and W. Bossert . 1988. A density-dependent growth model of a perennial herb, Viola fimbriatula.. American Naturalist 131 3 385–400. Svensson, B. M., B. A. Carlsson, P. S. Karlsson, and K. O. Nordell . 1993. Comparative long-term demography of three species of Pinguicula.. Journal of Ecology 81: 635–645. van Groenendael, J., H. de Kroon, and H. Caswell . 1988. Projection matrices in population biology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 3: 264–269. Vavrek, M. C., J. B. McGraw, and H. S. Yang . 1997. Within-population variation in demography of Taraxacum officinale: season- and size-dependent survival, growth, and reproduction. Journal of Ecology 85: 277–287. Waite, S. 1989. Predicting population trends in Ophrys sphegodes Mill. Pages 117–126 in H. W. Pritchard, editor. Modern methods in orchid conservation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Waite, S., and M. J. Hutchings . 1991. The effects of different management regimes on the population dynamics of Ophrys sphegodes: analysis and description using matrix models. Pages 161–175 in T. C. E. Wells and J. H. Willems, editors. Population ecology of terrestrial orchids. SPB Academic, The Hague, The Netherlands. Werner, P. A., and H. Caswell . 1977. Population growth rates and age- vs. stage-distribution models for teasel (Dipsacus sylvestris Huds.). Ecology 58: 1103–1111. West, C. J. 1995. Sustainability of Beilschmiedia tawa-dominated forest in New Zealand—population predictions based on transition matrix model analysis. Australian Journal of Botany 43 1 51–71. Citing Literature Volume9, Issue4November 1999Pages 1278-1287 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Referência(s)
Altmetric
PlumX