THE EFFECTS OF MOTORWAY RUNOFF ON FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS: 2. IDENTIFYING MAJOR TOXICANTS
1995; Wiley; Volume: 14; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1897/1552-8618(1995)14[1093
ISSN1552-8618
AutoresLorraine Maltby, Alistair B.A. Boxall, David M. Forrow, Peter Calow, C. I. Betton,
Tópico(s)Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
ResumoEnvironmental Toxicology and ChemistryVolume 14, Issue 6 p. 1093-1101 Article The effects of motorway runoff on freshwater ecosystems: 2. Identifying major toxicants Lorraine Maltby, Corresponding Author Lorraine Maltby Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, P.O. Box 601, Sheffield, S10 2UQ, U.K.Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, P.O. Box 601, Sheffield, S10 2UQ, U.KSearch for more papers by this authorAlistair B.A. Boxall, Alistair B.A. Boxall Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, P.O. Box 601, Sheffield, S10 2UQ, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorDavid M. Forrow, David M. Forrow Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, P.O. Box 601, Sheffield, S10 2UQ, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorPeter Calow, Peter Calow Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, P.O. Box 601, Sheffield, S10 2UQ, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorClifford I. Betton, Clifford I. Betton Castrol International, Burmah Castrol House, Pipers Way, Swindon SN3 IRE, U.K.Search for more papers by this author Lorraine Maltby, Corresponding Author Lorraine Maltby Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, P.O. Box 601, Sheffield, S10 2UQ, U.K.Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, P.O. Box 601, Sheffield, S10 2UQ, U.KSearch for more papers by this authorAlistair B.A. Boxall, Alistair B.A. Boxall Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, P.O. Box 601, Sheffield, S10 2UQ, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorDavid M. Forrow, David M. Forrow Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, P.O. Box 601, Sheffield, S10 2UQ, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorPeter Calow, Peter Calow Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, P.O. Box 601, Sheffield, S10 2UQ, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorClifford I. Betton, Clifford I. Betton Castrol International, Burmah Castrol House, Pipers Way, Swindon SN3 IRE, U.K.Search for more papers by this author First published: June 1995 https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620140621Citations: 81AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract Previous studies have provided prima facie evidence that runoff from the Ml motorway, UK, affects both the quality of the receiving water and the biota living there, in sites short distances from point sources —i.e., possible worst-case situations. Because discharges contain a wide variety of contaminants, both the identification of toxicants and the establishment of causal relationships between observed changes in water/sediment quality and biology are often difficult. In this particular case, the problem was addressed by conducting a series of toxicity tests using the benthic amphipod Gammarus pulex. The abundance of this species was greatly reduced downstream of the point where motorway runoff entered the stream. Stream water contaminated with motorway runoff was not toxic to G. pulex. However, exposure to contaminated sediments resulted in a slight reduction in survival over 14 d, and sediment manipulation experiments identified hydrocarbons, copper, and zinc as potential toxicants. Spiking experiments confirmed the importance of hydrocarbons, and fractionation studies indicated that most of the observed toxicity was due to the fraction containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Animals exposed to contaminated sediments and water spiked with sediment extract accumulated aromatic hydrocarbons in direct proportion to exposure concentrations. References 1 Maltby, L., D.M. Forrow, A.B.A. Boxall, P. Calow and C.I. Betton, 1995. The effects of motorway runoff on freshwater ecosystems: I. Field study. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. (this issue). 2 Mount, D.I., 1989. Methods for aquatic toxicity identification evaluations: Phase 3. Toxicity confirmation procedures. EPA 600/3-88/036. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MN. 3 Mount, D.I. and L. Anderson-Carnahan, 1989. 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