Scientific Opinion on the re‐evaluation of gold (E 175) as a food additive
2016; Wiley; Volume: 14; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês
10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4362
ISSN1831-4732
Tópico(s)Heavy metals in environment
ResumoEFSA JournalVolume 14, Issue 1 4362 OpinionOpen Access Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation of gold (E 175) as a food additive EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS), EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS)Search for more papers by this author EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS), EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS)Search for more papers by this author First published: 20 January 2016 https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4362Citations: 15 Panel members: Fernando Aguilar, Riccardo Crebelli, Alessandro Di Domenico, Birgit Dusemund, Maria Jose Frutos, Pierre Galtier, David Gott, Ursula Gundert-Remy, Claude Lambré, Jean-Charles Leblanc, Oliver Lindtner, Peter Moldeus, Alicja Mortensen, Pasquale Mosesso, Agneta Oskarsson, Dominique Parent-Massin, Ivan Stankovic, Ine Waalkens-Berendsen, Rudolf Antonius Woutersen, Matthew Wright and Maged Younes. Correspondence: [email protected] Acknowledgement: The Panel wishes to thank the members of the Standing Working Group on the re-evaluation of food colours: Fernando Aguilar, Riccardo Crebelli, Alessandro Di Domenico, Maria Jose Frutos, Pierre Galtier, David Gott, Claude Lambré, Jean-Charles Leblanc, Agneta Oskarsson, Jeanne Stadler, Paul Tobback, Ine Waalkens-Berendsen and Rudolf Antonius Woutersen, for the preparatory work on this scientific opinion and EFSA staff members: Alexandra Tard and Stavroula Tasiopoulou for the support provided to this scientific opinion. The ANS Panel wishes to acknowledge all European competent institutions and other organisations that provided data for this scientific output. Adoption date: 9 December 2015 Published date: 20 January 2016 Question number: EFSA-Q-2011-00345 On request from: European Commission AboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Abstract The present opinion deals with the re-evaluation of the safety of gold (E 175) when used as a food additive. Gold (E 175) was previously evaluated by the Scientific Committee on Food (SCF) in 1975. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) has not reviewed gold due to lack of data. None of the Committees established an acceptable daily intake (ADI). The Panel noted the limited data on absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) of elemental gold and the absence of toxicological data on gold used as a food additive (E 175) and considered the data to be too limited to perform a risk assessment for E 175. Elemental gold has a very low solubility and thus the systemic availability and effects are expected to be low. In contact with tissues ionic gold can be released from elemental gold and a high local concentration of gold can be reached at the site of contact. The Panel noted that no data on subchronic, chronic toxicity and genotoxicity of elemental gold were available. The Panel concluded that, despite the absence of toxicity data, but taking into account the low solubility of elemental gold, systemic availability and thus systemic effects of elemental gold would not be expected. 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