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PD-1 Blockade in Mismatch Repair–Deficient, Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer

2022; Massachusetts Medical Society; Volume: 386; Issue: 25 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1056/nejmoa2201445

1533-4406

Andrea Cercek, Melissa Lumish, Jenna Sinopoli, Jill Weiss, Jinru Shia, Michelle F. Lamendola-Essel, Imane H. El Dika, Neil H. Segal, Marina Shcherba, Ryan Sugarman, Zsofia K. Stadler, Rona Yaeger, J. Joshua Smith, Benoı̂t Rousseau, Guillem Argilés, Mitesh Patel, Avni M. Desai, Leonard B. Saltz, Maria Widmar, Krishna Iyer, Janie Y. Zhang, Nicole Gianino, Christopher H. Crane, Paul B. Romesser, Emmanouil P. Pappou, Philip Paty, Julio García‐Aguilar, Mithat Gönen, Marc J. Gollub, Martin R. Weiser, Kurt A. Schalper, Luis A. Díaz,

Colorectal and Anal Carcinomas

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation followed by surgical resection of the rectum is a standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer. A subset of rectal cancer is caused by a deficiency in mismatch repair. Because mismatch repair-deficient colorectal cancer is responsive to programmed death 1 (PD-1) blockade in the context of metastatic disease, it was hypothesized that checkpoint blockade could be effective in patients with mismatch repair-deficient, locally advanced rectal cancer.