First Report of Yeast-Spot Disease of Soybean Seeds Caused by Eremothecium coryli in Serbia
2022; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 107; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-12-21-2798-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresKatarina Zečević, Maja Sudimac, Helena Majstorović, Ivana Stanković, Branka Petrović, Goran Delibašić, B. Krstić,
Tópico(s)Plant Pathogens and Resistance
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 107, No. 1First Report of Yeast-Spot Disease of Soybean Seeds Caused by Eremothecium coryli in Serbia PreviousNext DISEASE NOTE OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Yeast-Spot Disease of Soybean Seeds Caused by Eremothecium coryli in SerbiaK. Zečević, M. Sudimac, H. Majstorović, I. Stanković, B. Petrović, G. Delibašić, and B. KrstićK. Zečević†Corresponding author: K. Zečević; E-mail Address: [email protected]https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3133-2764Department of Phytopathology, Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade 11080, Serbia, M. SudimacInstitute Tamiš, Agriculture Extension Service Province of Vojvodina, Pančevo 26000, Serbia, H. MajstorovićInstitute Tamiš, Agriculture Extension Service Province of Vojvodina, Pančevo 26000, Serbia, I. Stankovićhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3828-4718Department of Phytopathology, Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade 11080, Serbia, B. PetrovićDepartment of Phytopathology, Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade 11080, Serbia, G. DelibašićDepartment of Phytopathology, Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade 11080, Serbia, and B. KrstićDepartment of Phytopathology, Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade 11080, SerbiaAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations K. Zečević1 † M. Sudimac2 H. Majstorović2 I. Stanković1 B. Petrović1 G. Delibašić1 B. Krstić1 1Department of Phytopathology, Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade 11080, Serbia 2Institute Tamiš, Agriculture Extension Service Province of Vojvodina, Pančevo 26000, Serbia Published Online:20 Jan 2023https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-21-2798-PDNAboutSectionsPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat The area planted with soybeans (Glycine max) in Serbia has increased drastically, from 131,000 ha in 2005 to 230,000 ha in 2019, and the average yield reached 3.2 t/ha in 2020. The province of Vojvodina is the most important soybean production region, with 95% of the soybean area in Serbia (www.stat.gov.rs). During the 2021 growing season, soybean seeds with various symptoms, including color changes, light and dark brown spots, blotching, necrosis, and shriveling, were collected from a field before harvest of soybean cv. Dukat in the Tamiš area (South Banat District, Vojvodina Province; 44°56′12.936″N, 20°43′24.216″E) in Serbia. The incidence of symptomatic seeds was estimated at 6.4%. Symptomatic seeds were surface disinfected with 2% NaOCl for 2 min, rinsed in sterile water, dried on sterile filter paper, placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA), and incubated at 25°C in the dark for 10 to 14 days. The identification of fungi at the genus level based on morphological characteristics revealed the presence of species of Macrophomina, Botrytis, Cercospora, and Alternaria, which have been reported as pathogens of soybean seed in Serbia (Krsmanović et al. 2020). Also, seven white to slightly creamy colonies with yeast-like morphology were observed around seeds expressing discoloration and necrotic and sunken spots. Ten days later, microscopic observations of yeast-like colonies found globose budding cells (diameter 20 to 28 μm), mostly single or rarely in short chains. Also, two to eight needle-shaped ascospores (52 to 80 μm in length) were arranged lengthwise in many cylindrical to naviculate asci (60 to 96 × 8 to 12, avg. 72.4 × 9.2 µm). Ascospores had a unilateral, slender, flexuous, whip-like appendage. The morphology of the different fungal structures indicated that the pathogen was Eremothecium coryli (Pelgion) Kurtzman; this was supported by molecular identification. Total DNA was extracted directly from mycelium with a DNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and PCR amplification performed with primers ITS1F (Gardes and Bruns 1993) and ITS4 (White et al. 1990). Sequence analysis of the ITS region revealed that the Serbian isolate ND2/21 (GenBank accession no. OL958602) had the highest nucleotide identity of 100% with an E. coryli isolate (accession no. KY103387). For a pathogenicity test, fresh soybean seeds (cv. Sava) were surface disinfected with 2% NaOCl and rinsed in sterile water. The seeds were pierced three to four times with a sterile insect pin through a drop of yeast suspension (concentration 106 ascospores/ml) of a single-spore isolate (ND2-21). Control seeds were pierced with sterile insect pins through a drop of sterile distilled water. Five inoculated seeds and controls (five replicates per treatment) were arranged uniformly in a Petri dish (9 cm diameter) and incubated at 22 to 25°C in the dark and kept under >95% relative humidity during the first 48 h. Twenty days after inoculation, small brown necrotic lesions were visible on soybean seeds. Reisolation from symptomatic seeds on PDA dishes yielded yeast-like colonies with the same morphological characteristics as those used for inoculation, confirming Koch's postulates. Control seeds had no symptoms. This fungus is known as a pathogen of yeast spot disease on soybean seeds (Heinrichs et al. 1976; Kimura et al. 2008), but, to our knowledge, it has never been reported in Serbia. Since the invasive species Nezara viridula L. and Halyomorpha halys (Stål 1855), the vectors of this fungus, were reported in Serbia (Kereši et al. 2012; Šeat 2015) and their mass appearance has been documented in recent years (Konjević et al. 2020), the presence of this pathogen could cause considerable damage and yield losses, with a significant economic impact on soybean production in Serbia.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Gardes, M., and Bruns, T. D. 1993. Mol. Ecol. 2:113. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1993.tb00005.x Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarHeinrichs, E. A., et al. 1976. Plant Dis. Rep. 60:508. ISI, Google ScholarKereši, T., et al. 2012. Plant Doctor 40:296. Google ScholarKimura, S., et al. 2008. J. Gen. Plant. Pathol. 74:275. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-008-0097-1 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarKonjević, A., et al. 2020. Plant Doctor 48:37. https://doi.org/10.5937/BiljLek2001037K Google ScholarKrsmanović, S., et al. 2020. Field Veg. Crops Res. 57:80. https://doi.org/10.5937/ratpov57-27516 Google ScholarŠeat, J. 2015. Acta Entomol. Serbica 20:167. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.45391 Google ScholarWhite, T. J., et al. 1990. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Crossref, Google ScholarFunding: This research was supported by grants 451-03-68/2022-14/200116 of the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technological Development and 680-00-00026/2021-02 of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management, Republic of Serbia.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 107, No. 1 January 2023SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Download Metrics Article History Issue Date: 1 Feb 2023Published: 20 Jan 2023First Look: 6 Jun 2022Accepted: 1 Jun 2022 Page: 232 Information© 2023 The American Phytopathological SocietyFundingMinistry of Education, Science, and Technological Development, Republic of SerbiaGrant/Award Number: 451-03-68/2022-14/200116Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management, Republic of SerbiaGrant/Award Number: 680-00-00026/2021-02Keywordsfield cropsfungioilseeds and legumespathogen detectionThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.PDF downloadCited byThe first report of kernel spot caused by Eremothecium coryli on Iranian hazelnutFood Bioscience, Vol. 53
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