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Tracking the turnover of SARS-CoV-2 VOCs Gamma to Delta in a Brazilian state (Minas Gerais) with a high-vaccination status

2022; University of Oxford; Volume: 8; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1093/ve/veac064

2057-1577

Paula Luize Camargos Fonseca, Filipe Romero Rebello Moreira, Rafael Marques de Souza, Natália Rocha Guimarães, Nara de Oliveira Carvalho, Talita Adelino, Hugo José Alves, Luige Biciati Alvim, Darlan S. Candido, Helena Perez Coelho, Alana Vitor Barbosa da Costa, Walyson Coelho Costa, Alex F. Carvalho, Bruna W F de Faria, Aline Brito de Lima, Eneida Santos de Oliveira, Carolina Senra Alves de Souza, Fernanda Gil de Souza, Rillery Calixto Dias, Victor Emmanuel Viana Geddes, Igor P Godinho, Alessandro L. Gonçalves, Karine Lima Lourenço, Rubens Daniel Miserani Magalhães, Frederico Scott Varella Malta, Eva Lídia Arcoverde Medeiros, Fernanda Mendes, Pedro H B de P Mendes, C P Mendonça, André Menezes, Diego Menezes, Mariane Talon de Menezes, Lucyene Miguita, Rennan Garcias Moreira, Renata Peixoto, Daniel Costa Queiroz, Adriana Aparecida Ribeiro, Ana Paula de B Ribeiro, Juliana Wilke Saliba, Hugo Itaru Sato, Joice do Prado Silva, Natiely P Silva, Nuno R. Faria, Santuza Maria Ribeiro Teixeira, Flávio Guimarães da Fonseca, Ana Paula Fernandes, Danielle Alves Gomes Zauli, José Nélio Januário, Jaqueline Silva de Oliveira, Felipe Campos de Melo Iani, Renato Santana Aguiar, Renan P. Souza,

SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing

Abstract The emergence and global dissemination of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern (VOCs) have been described as the main factor driving the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic. In Brazil, the Gamma variant dominated the epidemiological scenario during the first period of 2021. Many Brazilian regions detected the Delta variant after its first description and documented its spread. To monitor the introduction and spread of VOC Delta, we performed Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) genotyping and genome sequencing in ten regional sentinel units from June to October 2021 in the State of Minas Gerais (MG). We documented the introduction and spread of Delta, comprising 70 per cent of the cases 8 weeks later. Comparing the viral loads of the Gamma and Delta dominance periods, we provide additional evidence that the latter is more transmissible. The spread and dominance of Delta did not culminate in the increase in cases and deaths, suggesting that the vaccination may have restrained the epidemic growth. Analysis of 224 novel Delta genomes revealed that Rio de Janeiro state was the primary source for disseminating this variant in the state of MG. We present the establishment of Delta, providing evidence of its enhanced transmissibility and showing that this variant shift did not aggravate the epidemiological scenario in a high immunity setting.