Genesis of Lakes in Mongolia
2022; Springer Nature (Netherlands); Linguagem: Inglês
10.1007/978-3-030-99120-3_4
ISSN2211-274X
AutoresAlexander Orkhonselenge, Munkhjargal Uuganzaya, Tuyagerel Davaagatan,
Tópico(s)Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
ResumoLakes of Mongolia are genetically dependent on tectonic setting, volcanism, landscape, and landform evolution. Since the initial formation during the early Paleozoic Era (see Chap. 3 ), lakes of Mongolia have experienced diverse paths of evolution (e.g., dominant presence in the Triassic, maximum sizes in the Cretaceous, decrease in size since the Paleogene, stabilization of existence in the Neogene reaching the present conditions since the late Pliocene and early Pleistocene). Throughout the Quaternary period, lakes of Mongolia have been dramatically changing in terms of water level, area, and sedimentation dynamics (see Part II). Present lakes of Mongolia are classified to have seven major types of origins, and they can be called tectonic, volcanic, landslide, glacial, karst (and thermokarst), fluvial, and aeolian lakes. Tectonic, volcanic, glacial, and landslide lakes are commonly found in high mountains such as the Mongolian Altai, Govi Altai, Khangai, Khentii, and Khuvsgul Mountain Ranges in western, northern, and central Mongolia. Aeolian, fluvial, and karst lakes are widely distributed in lowlands, valleys, and depressions within the plains and the Govi Desert regions in eastern and southern Mongolia.
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