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Associations Between Eating Speed, Diet Quality, Adiposity, and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

2022; Elsevier BV; Volume: 252; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.08.024

1097-6833

Tany E. Garcidueñas-Fimbres, Indira Paz‐Graniel, Carlos Gómez Martínez, José Manuel Jurado‐Castro, Rosaura Leis, Joaquín Escribano, Luís A. Moreno, Santiago Navas‐Carretero, Olga Portolés, Karla Alejandra Pérez‐Vega, Mercedes Gil‐Campos, Alicia López-Rubio, Cristina Rey‐Reñones, Pilar De Miguel‐Etayo, J. Alfredo Martínéz, Katherine Flores‐Rojas, Rocío Vázquez‐Cobela, Verónica Luque, María L. Miguel‐Berges, Belén Pastor‐Villaescusa, Francisco J. Llorente‐Cantarero, Jordi Salas‐Salvadó, Nancy Babió, Helmut Schröder, Ana Catarina Moreira, Montserrat Fitó, Karla Alejandra Pérez‐Vega, Mayela Solis Baltodano, Daniel Muñoz‐Aguayo, Gemma Blanchart, Sònia Gaixas, María Dolores Zomeño, I Fernández Lorenzo, Mercedes Gil‐Campos, José Manuel Jurado‐Castro, Katherine Flores‐Rojas, Belén Pastor‐Villaescusa, Francisco J. Llorente‐Cantarero, María José de la Torre‐Aguilar, Inmaculada Velasco Aguayo, Santiago Navas‐Carretero, J. Alfredo-Martínez, Begoña de Cuevillas, María José Goñi, María Isabel Hernández, Salomé Pérez Diez, Carmen Cristobo, Nancy Babió, Jordi Salas‐Salvadó, Joaquín Escribano, Verónica Luque, Natàlia Ferré, Francisco Martín‐Luján, Cristina Calvo, Gisela Mimbreros, Ana Pedraza, Olga Salvadó, Marta Ruiz Velasco, José Ángel Bilbao Sustacha, Yolanda Herranz Pinilla, Albert Feliu, Ricardo Closas, Lídia Ríos, María Pascual Compte, Irina Gheorghita, Carlos Gómez Martínez, Sara De las Heras-Delgado, M.M. Díaz Alcázar, Olga Simón, Sònia de la Torre, C. Villodre Tudela, Tany E. Garcidueñas-Fimbres, Rosaura Leis, Alicia López-Rubio, Rocío Vázquez‐Cobela, Rosaura Picáns‐Leis, Olga Portolés, Pilar Codoñer‐Franch, Dolores Corella, V. Carbonell, José V. Sorlí, Luís A. Moreno, Pilar De Miguel‐Etayo, A M Santaliestra-Pasías, María L. Miguel‐Berges, Pilar Argente-Arizón, Natalia Giménez-Legarre, Paloma Flores‐Barrantes, Gloria Pérez‐Gimeno, Miguel Seral‐Cortes, Andrea Jimeno Martinez, Ivie Maneschy,

Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling

ObjectiveTo assess the associations between eating speed, adiposity, cardiometabolic risk factors, and diet quality in a cohort of Spanish preschool-children.Study designA cross-sectional study in 1371 preschool age children (49% girls; mean age, 4.8 ± 1.0 years) from the Childhood Obesity Risk Assessment Longitudinal Study (CORALS) cohort was conducted. After exclusions, 956 participants were included in the analyses. The eating speed was estimated by summing the total minutes used in each of the 3 main meals and then categorized into slow, moderate, or fast. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were fitted to assess the β-coefficient, or OR and 95% CI, between eating speed and body mass index, waist circumference, fat mass index (FMI), blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and lipid profile.ResultsCompared with participants in the slow-eating category, those in the fast-eating category had a higher prevalence risk of overweight/obesity (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.8-4.4; P < .01); larger waist circumference (β, 2.6 cm; 95% CI, 1.5-3.8 cm); and greater FMI (β, 0.3 kg/m2; 95% CI, 0.1-0.5 kg/m2), systolic blood pressure (β, 2.8 mmHg; 95% CI, 0.6-4.9 mmHg), and fasting plasma glucose levels (β, 2.7 mg/dL, 95% CI, 1.2-4.2 mg/dL) but lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet (β, −0.5 points; 95% CI, −0.9 to −0.1 points).ConclusionsEating fast is associated with higher adiposity, certain cardiometabolic risk factors, and lower adherence to a Mediterranean diet. Further long-term and interventional studies are warranted to confirm these associations. To assess the associations between eating speed, adiposity, cardiometabolic risk factors, and diet quality in a cohort of Spanish preschool-children. A cross-sectional study in 1371 preschool age children (49% girls; mean age, 4.8 ± 1.0 years) from the Childhood Obesity Risk Assessment Longitudinal Study (CORALS) cohort was conducted. After exclusions, 956 participants were included in the analyses. The eating speed was estimated by summing the total minutes used in each of the 3 main meals and then categorized into slow, moderate, or fast. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were fitted to assess the β-coefficient, or OR and 95% CI, between eating speed and body mass index, waist circumference, fat mass index (FMI), blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and lipid profile. Compared with participants in the slow-eating category, those in the fast-eating category had a higher prevalence risk of overweight/obesity (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.8-4.4; P < .01); larger waist circumference (β, 2.6 cm; 95% CI, 1.5-3.8 cm); and greater FMI (β, 0.3 kg/m2; 95% CI, 0.1-0.5 kg/m2), systolic blood pressure (β, 2.8 mmHg; 95% CI, 0.6-4.9 mmHg), and fasting plasma glucose levels (β, 2.7 mg/dL, 95% CI, 1.2-4.2 mg/dL) but lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet (β, −0.5 points; 95% CI, −0.9 to −0.1 points). Eating fast is associated with higher adiposity, certain cardiometabolic risk factors, and lower adherence to a Mediterranean diet. Further long-term and interventional studies are warranted to confirm these associations.