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Impact of mining-induced deforestation on soil surface temperature and carbon stocks: A case study using remote sensing in the Amazon rainforest

2022; Elsevier BV; Volume: 119; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.jsames.2022.103983

1873-0647

Fábio Chaddad, Fellipe Alcântara de Oliveira Mello, Mahboobeh Tayebi, José Lucas Safanelli, Lucas Rabelo Campos, Merilyn Taynara Accorsi Amorim, Gabriel Pimenta Barbosa de Sousa, Tiago Osório Ferreira, Francisco Ruíz, Fábio Perlatti, Lucas Tadeu Greschuk, Nícolas Augusto Rosin, Jorge Tadeu Fim Rosas, José Alexandre Melo Demattê,

Geography and Environmental Studies

The Amazon rainforest is one of the most important ecosystems on the planet; however, the environmental pressure created by anthropic activities require monitoring of this critical biome. In this study, we assessed the evolution of deforestation in an open mine pit and its impact on surface environment (i.e., temperature and carbon stocks) using remote sensing techniques. The study was carried out on an area of 11,283.3 ha in the municipality of Marabá, Pará State, Brazil, where the “Salobo” copper mine is located. A temporal analysis was conducted, using Landsat satellite images (2005–2020). Subsequently, the Land Surface Temperature (LST) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) of the deforested area were determined. Mining-induced deforestation has expanded from 0.9 ha in 2005 to 2214 ha in 2020 with an increase in surface temperature of 10 °C in the period. The temperature difference between the pit and the adjacent forest ranged from 30 to 40 °C over the 15 years, while the temperature at the forest edges rose by 4 °C. The correlation coefficient between exposed soil temperatures and mining deforestation was 0.66. CO 2 emissions, increasing from 0.005 Tg CO 2 in 2005 to 1.82 Tg CO 2 in 2020 due to mining deforestation. The findings demonstrate the significant environmental impact of deforestation, which may also have an influence on local climate. The results can provide scientific support for public policies aimed at mitigating the issue. • A site specific mining deforestation in amazonia increased from 0.9 to 2214 ha in 15 years. • Deforestation impacted on an increase in surface temperature of 10 °C. • The temperature difference between the bare soil and the adjacent forest varied on 10 °C, as in the edges only 4 °C. • CO 2 emissions increased from 0.005 to 1.82 Tg. • Scientific support for public policies on how to mitigate the increased local temperature due to deforestation.