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In vitro anthelmintic activity of an R-carvone nanoemulsions towards multiresistant Haemonchus contortus

2022; Cambridge University Press; Volume: 149; Issue: 12 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1017/s0031182022001135

1469-8161

Antônia Aniellen Raianne Moisés Aguiar, José Vilemar de Araújo Filho, Henety Nascimento Pinheiro, Matheus da Silva Campelo, Wesley Lyeverton Correia Ribeiro, Ana Carolina Fonseca Lindoso Melo, Letícia Oliveira da Rocha, Maria Elenir Nobre Pinho Ribeiro, Nágila Maria Pontes Silva Ricardo, Flávia Oliveira Monteiro da Silva Abreu, Lorena Mayana Beserra de Oliveira, Weibson Paz Pinheiro André, Cláudia Maria Leal Bevilaqua,

Animal Nutrition and Physiology

Abstract This work aimed to evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic effect of carvone nanoemulsions on Haemonchus contortus . Three R-carvone nanoemulsions were prepared: uncoated R-carvone nanoemulsions homogenized in a sonicator (UNAlg-son) and homogenized in an ultrahomogenizer (UNAlg-ultra) and sodium alginate-coated R-carvone (CNAlg-ultra). The physicochemical characterizations of the nanoemulsions were carried out. The anthelmintic activity was evaluated using egg hatch test (EHT), larval development test (LDT) and adult worm motility test (AWMT). Changes in cuticle induced in adult H. contortus were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results were subjected to analysis of variance and compared using the Tukey test ( P < 0.05). The effective concentration to inhibit 50% (EC 50 ) of egg hatching and larval development was calculated. The particle sizes were 281.1 nm (UNAlg-son), 152.7 nm (UNAlg-ultra) and 557.8 nm (CNAlg-ultra), and the zeta potentials were −15 mV (UNAlg-son), −10.8 mV (UNAlg-ultra) and −24.2 mV (CNAlg-ultra). The encapsulation efficiency was 99.84 ± 0.01%. SEM of the nanoemulsions showed an increase in size. In EHT, the EC 50 values of UNAlg-son, UNAlg-ultra and CNAlg-ultra were 0.19, 0.02 and 0.17 mg mL −1 , respectively. In LDT, they were 0.29, 0.31 and 0.95 mg mL −1 for UNAlg-son, UNAlg-ultra and CNAlg-ultra, respectively. The adult motility inhibition was 100% after 12 h of exposure to UNAlg-ultra and CNAlg-ultra, while for UNAlg-son, it was 79.16%. SEM showed changes in the buccal capsule and cuticular damage. It was concluded that R-carvone nanoemulsions showed antiparasitic action demonstrating promise for the control of infections caused by gastrointestinal nematodes in small ruminants.