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COVID-19 cross-sectional study in Maricá, Brazil: The impact of vaccination coverage on viral incidence

2022; Public Library of Science; Volume: 17; Issue: 9 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1371/journal.pone.0269011

1932-6203

Thiago Silva Frauches, Carlos Alberto de Senna Costa, Claudia dos Santos Rodrigues, Marcelo Costa Velho Mendes de Azevedo, Michelle de Moraes Ferreira, Hanna Beatriz Vieira da Silva Ramos, Wilson Rodrigues de Souza, Andréa Ribeiro Costa, Adriana Cardoso Camargo, Adriana Halfeld Alonso, Fábio Álvaro dos Santos, Hércules da Silva Oliveira, Janaína Guimarães Coelho, Joyce Florentina da Silva Sobral, Luciane Cardoso dos Santos Rodrigues, Marcio Martins Casaes Ferreira, Patricia Laureano, Raquel Adalgiza da Paz Fernandes, Renata da Silva Santos, Rose Mary Carvalho dos Santos, Sanderson Milagres, Vanessa Cristina Conceição dos Santos, Jussara Teixeira Silva, Tatiana Martins da Silva, Malu Gabriela Costa da Rocha, Andreia Edwirges de São Carlos, Amorim Mourão de Araújo Ramos, Fernanda Martins de Almeida Bastos, Daina Raylle Francisco, Sabrina dos Santos Rosa, Layla Corrêa Linhares, Raíssa Rodrigues Organista, Leandro F.S. Bastos, Maria Magdalena Kelly Pinto, Jean Pablo Lima do Nascimento, João Pedro Moura da Silveira, Mateus Quintanilha dos Santos, Nathaly Santos da Silva, Nayra Cristina dos Santos Ferreira, Rafael Brito Ramirez Reis, Ruan Fonseca de Oliveira, Valdinei de Oliveira Sá, Thyago Ramos de Siqueira Hammes, Juliano de Oliveira Monteiro, Pedro Henrique Cardoso, Mônica Barcellos Arruda, Patricia Alvarez, Richard Araújo Maia, Liane de Jesus Ribeiro, Orlando C. Ferreira, Aline Regina Santos, Alberto Carlos Melo de Almeida, Lauro Garcia, Celso Pansera, Amílcar Tanuri,

SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing

Population surveillance in COVID-19 Pandemic is crucial to follow up the pace of disease and its related immunological status. Here we present a cross-sectional study done in Maricá, a seaside town close to the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Three rounds of study sampling, enrolling a total of 1134 subjects, were performed during May to August 2021. Here we show that the number of individuals carrying detectable IgG antibodies and the neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels were greater in vaccinated groups compared to unvaccinated ones, highlighting the importance of vaccination to attain noticeable levels of populational immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, we found a decreased incidence of COVID-19 throughout the study, clearly correlated with the level of vaccinated individuals as well as the proportion of individuals with detectable levels of IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 and NAb. The observed drop occurred even during the introduction of the Delta variant in Maricá, what suggests that the vaccination slowed down the widespread transmission of this variant. Overall, our data clearly support the use of vaccines to drop the incidence associated to SARS-CoV-2.