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Differences in SARS-CoV-2 Clinical Manifestations and Disease Severity in Children and Adolescents by Infecting Variant

2022; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Volume: 28; Issue: 11 Linguagem: Inglês

10.3201/eid2811.220577

1080-6059

Ana Quintero, Mariah Eisner, Rouba Sayegh, Tori Wright, Octavio Ramilo, Amy L. Leber, Huanyu Wang, Asunción Mejías,

Viral Infections and Immunology Research

Abstract Since the COVID-19 pandemic began, different SARS-CoV-2 variants have been identified and associated with higher transmissibility than the ancestral nonvariant strain. During January 1, 2021–January 15, 2022, we assessed differences in clinical and viral parameters in a convenience sample of COVID-19 outpatients and inpatients 0–21 years of age in Columbus, Ohio, USA, according to the infecting variant, identified using a mutation-specific reverse transcription PCR assay. Of the 676 patients in the study, 17.75% were infected with nonvariant strains, 18.49% with the Alpha variant, 41.72% with Delta, and 16.42% with Omicron. Rates of SARS-COV-2/viral co-infections were 15.66%–29.41% and were comparable across infecting variants. Inpatients with acute Delta and Omicron infections had lower SARS-CoV-2 cycle threshold values and more frequent fever and respiratory symptoms than those with nonvariant strain infections. In addition, SARS-COV-2/viral co-infections and the presence of underlying conditions were independently associated with worse clinical outcomes, irrespective of the infecting variant.