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Evaluation of Biocompatibility, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antinociceptive Activities of Pequi Oil-Based Nanoemulsions in In Vitro and In Vivo Models

2022; Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Volume: 12; Issue: 23 Linguagem: Inglês

10.3390/nano12234260

2079-4991

Andréia C. Pinheiro, Alicia S. Ombredane, Willie Oliveira Pinheiro, Laise Rodrigues de Andrade, Vitória R. P. Silva, Gisela J. Felice, Débora S. Alves, Aryanne F. Albernaz, Ariane Pandolfo Silveira, Milena C. F. Lima, Valdir Florêncio da Veiga, Thamis F. S. Gomes, Emanuel Adelino Medeiros Damasceno, Fabiane H. Veiga‐Souza, Paulo Eduardo Narcizo de Souza, Sônia Nair Báo, Eliza Carla Barroso Duarte, Marcella Lemos Brettas Carneiro, Ricardo Bentes Azevedo, Mani Indiana Funez, Graziella Anselmo Joanitti,

Dermatology and Skin Diseases

Pequi oil (Caryocar brasiliense) contains bioactive compounds capable of modulating the inflammatory process; however, its hydrophobic characteristic limits its therapeutic use. The encapsulation of pequi oil in nanoemulsions can improve its biodistribution and promote its immunomodulatory effects. Thus, the objective of the present study was to formulate pequi oil-based nanoemulsions (PeNE) to evaluate their biocompatibility, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive effects in in vitro (macrophages—J774.16) and in vivo (Rattus novergicus) models. PeNE were biocompatible, showed no cytotoxic and genotoxic effects and no changes in body weight, biochemistry, or histology of treated animals at all concentrations tested (90–360 µg/mL for 24 h, in vitro; 100–400 mg/kg p.o. 15 days, in vivo). It was possible to observe antinociceptive effects in a dose-dependent manner in the animals treated with PeNE, with a reduction of 27 and 40% in the doses of 100 and 400 mg/kg of PeNE, respectively (p < 0.05); however, the treatment with PeNE did not induce edema reduction in animals with carrageenan-induced edema. Thus, the promising results of this study point to the use of free and nanostructured pequi oil as a possible future approach to a preventive/therapeutic complementary treatment alongside existing conventional therapies for analgesia.