Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

Relapse, cognitive reserve, and their relationship with cognition in first episode schizophrenia: a 3-year follow-up study

2022; Elsevier BV; Volume: 67; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.euroneuro.2022.11.011

1873-7862

Ana M. Sánchez-Torres, Sílvia Amoretti, Mónica Enguita‐Germán, Gisela Mezquida, Lucía Moreno-Izco, Rocío Panadero, Lide Rementería, Alba Toll, Roberto Rodríguez‐Jiménez, Alexandra Roldán, Edith Pomarol‐Clotet, Ángela Ibáñez, Judith Usall, Fernando Hernández Contreras, Eduard Vieta, Jose M. López-Ilundain, Jessica Merchán‐Naranjo, Ana González‐Pinto, Esther Berrocoso, Miquel Bernardo, Manuel J. Cuesta, María Florencia Forte, Jairo M. González-Díaz, Mara Parellada, Hayford Abrokwa, María Sans Segura, Judit Selma, Eric P. Zorrilla, Itxaso González–Ortega, Teresa Legido, Anna Mané, Luis Sánchez-Pastor, David Rentero, Salvador Sarró, María Ángeles García‐León, Anna Butjosa, Marta Pardo, Amalia Zarzuela, María Ribeiro, Jerónimo Saiz‐Ruiz, Leticia León-Quismondo, Miguel Hernández, Concepción de la Cámara, Miguel Gutiérrez‐Fraile, Leticia González-Blanco,

Mental Health Research Topics

Schizophrenia is frequently characterized by the presence of multiple relapses.Cognitive impairments are core features of schizophrenia.Cognitive reserve (CR) is the ability of the brain to compensate for damage caused by pathologies such as psychotic illness.As cognition is related to CR, the study of the relationship between relapse, cognition and CR may broaden our understanding of the course of the disease.We aimed to determine whether relapse was associated with cognitive impairment, controlling for the effects of CR.Ninety-nine patients with a remitted first episode of schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder were administered a set of neuropsychological tests to assess premorbid IQ, attention, processing speed, working memory, verbal and visual memory, executive functions and social cognition.They were followed up for 3 years (n=53) or until they relapsed (n=46).Personal and familial CR was estimated from a principal component analysis of the premorbid information Powered by Editorial Manager® and ProduXion Manager® from Aries Systems Corporation gathered.Linear mixed-effects models were applied to analyse the effect of time and relapse on cognitive function, with CR as covariate.Patients who relapsed and had higher personal CR showed less deterioration in attention, whereas those with higher CR (personal and familial CR) who did not relapse showed better performance in processing speed and visual memory.Taken together, CR seems to ameliorate the negative effects of relapse on attention performance and shows a positive effect on processing speed and visual memory in those patients who did not relapse.Our results add evidence for the protective effect of CR over the course of the illness.