Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Commentaries on Viewpoint: Hoping for the best, prepared for the worst: can we perform remote data collection in sport sciences?
2022; American Physiological Society; Volume: 133; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1152/japplphysiol.00613.2022
ISSN8750-7587
AutoresJulien Louis, Samuel Bennett, Daniel J. Owens, Eve Tiollier, Franck Brocherie, Marcelo A. S. Carneiro, Paulo Ricardo Prado Nunes, Bruna Costa, Pâmela Castro-e-Souza, Luis Lima, Felipe A. Lisboa, Gersiel Oliveira-Júnior, Witalo Kassiano, Edílson Serpeloni Cyrino, Fábio Lera Orsatti, Arthur Henrique Bossi, Guilherme Matta, Géssyca Tolomeu de Oliveira, Ferreira Melo, Everton Rocha Soares, Bruno Ocelli Ungheri, Matheus D. Pinto, James L. Nuzzo, Christopher Latella, Daniel van den Hoek, Alistair R. Mallard, Jemima Spathis, Justin A. DeBlauw, Stephen J. Ives, Nicholas Ravanelli, Benjamin J. Narang, Tadej Debevec, Liliana C. Baptista, Ana Isabel Padrão, José Oliveira, Jorge Mota, Rodrigo Zacca, Pantelis Τ. Nikolaidis, Donovan J. Lott, Sean C. Forbes, Korey D. Cooke, Tanja Taivassalo, Steven J. Elmer, John J. Durocher, Ricardo J. Fernandes, Gonçalo Silva, Mário J. Costa,
Tópico(s)Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
ResumoViewpointCommentaries on Viewpoint: Hoping for the best, prepared for the worst: can we perform remote data collection in sport sciences?Published Online:12 Dec 2022https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00613.2022MoreSectionsPDF (641 KB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Remote data collection in sport nutrition researchJulien Louis,1 Sam Bennett,12 Daniel J. Owens,1 Eve Tiollier,3 and Franck Brocherie3.Author Affiliations1Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.2Center for Biological Clocks Research, Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.3Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), French Institute of Sport, Paris, France.to the editor: Remote data collection (1) is of growing interest, especially in sport nutrition, whereby a specific diet and/or supplement is prescribed in conjunction with exercise training. Verifying adherence to prescribed interventions and estimation of dietary intake is paramount. Food diaries, dietary recall, and remote food photography methods (2) are already commonplace for monitoring dietary intake with the integration of training data (i.e., power output, heart rate) collected from online platforms (e.g., TrainingPeaks, Strava) connected to participants’ own sports equipment (3) permitting the estimation of daily energy expenditure remotely (4). Researchers may therefore bridge the gap between laboratory and techniques classically used in field situations without the need for expensive laboratory equipment. It may also facilitate greater participation and compliance. For example, in a study by Bennett et al. (3), 495 training sessions and 165 testing sessions were performed remotely by 55 participants within a 2-mo period of national lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it is important to ensure that standardization and quality control are maintained across all participants, by providing clear instructions and frequent contact points. Familiarization sessions should be scheduled and used to verify the reliability of procedures. It is also recommended that all training and dietary intake data be visually inspected (i.e., review raw data) to ensure that protocols are followed correctly. Finally, when additional metabolic or body composition measurement is required, we suggest combining online training and nutritional prescription with laboratory-based testing (5). At a time where we all need to reduce our carbon footprint, remote data collection appears more relevant than ever.DISCLOSURESNo conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, are declared by the authors.REFERENCES1. Souza HLR, Bernardes BP, dos Prazeres EO, Arriel RA, Meireles A, Camilo GB, Mota GR, Marocolo M. Hoping for the best, prepared for the worst – can we perform remote data collection in sport sciences? J Appl Physiol (1985). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00196.2022.Link | Google Scholar2. Stables RG, Kasper AM, Sparks SA, Morton JP, Close GL. An assessment of the validity of the remote food photography method (termed Snap-N-Send) in experienced and inexperienced sport nutritionists. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 31: 125–134, 2021. doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2020-0216. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar3. Bennett S, Tiollier E, Brocherie F, Owens D, Morton J, Louis J. Three weeks of a home-based “sleep low-train low” intervention improves functional threshold power in trained cyclists: a feasibility study. PLoS One 16: e0260959, 2021. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0260959. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar4. Taylor HL, Garabello G, Pugh J, Morton JP, Langan-Evans C, Louis J, Borgersen R, Areta JL. Patterns of energy availability of free-living athletes display day-to-day variability that is not reflected in laboratory-based protocols: insights from elite male road cyclists. J Sport Sci 40: 1849–1856, 2022. doi:10.1080/02640414.2022.2115676. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar5. Marquet LA, Brisswalter J, Louis J, Tiollier E, Burke LM, Hawley JA, Hausswirth C. Enhanced endurance performance by periodization of carbohydrate intake: ‘‘sleep low’’ strategy. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 48: 663–672, 2016. doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000823. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google ScholarREFERENCES1. Souza HLR, Bernardes BP, dos Prazeres EO, Arriel RA, Meireles A, Camilo GB, Mota GR, Marocolo M. Hoping for the best, prepared for the worst – can we perform remote data collection in sport sciences? J Appl Physiol (1985). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00196.2022.Link | Google Scholar2. Stables RG, Kasper AM, Sparks SA, Morton JP, Close GL. An assessment of the validity of the remote food photography method (termed Snap-N-Send) in experienced and inexperienced sport nutritionists. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 31: 125–134, 2021. doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2020-0216. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar3. Bennett S, Tiollier E, Brocherie F, Owens D, Morton J, Louis J. Three weeks of a home-based “sleep low-train low” intervention improves functional threshold power in trained cyclists: a feasibility study. PLoS One 16: e0260959, 2021. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0260959. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar4. Taylor HL, Garabello G, Pugh J, Morton JP, Langan-Evans C, Louis J, Borgersen R, Areta JL. Patterns of energy availability of free-living athletes display day-to-day variability that is not reflected in laboratory-based protocols: insights from elite male road cyclists. J Sport Sci 40: 1849–1856, 2022. doi:10.1080/02640414.2022.2115676. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar5. Marquet LA, Brisswalter J, Louis J, Tiollier E, Burke LM, Hawley JA, Hausswirth C. Enhanced endurance performance by periodization of carbohydrate intake: ‘‘sleep low’’ strategy. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 48: 663–672, 2016. doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000823. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google ScholarCommentary on Viewpoint: Hoping for the best, prepared for the worst: can we perform remote data collection in sport sciences?Marcelo A. S. Carneiro,12 Paulo Ricardo P. Nunes,23 Bruna Costa,1 Pâmela Castro-e-Souza,1 Luís A. Lima,1 Felipe Lisboa,1 Gersiel Oliveira-Júnior,24 Witalo Kassiano,1 Edilson S. Cyrino,1 and Fábio L. Orsatti2.Author Affiliations1Metabolism, Nutrition and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil.2Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Exercise Research Group, Exercise Biology Research Lab (BioEx), Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Brazil.3Department of Body and Human Movement, Minas Gerais State University (UEMG), Passos, Brazil.4Applied Physiology & Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.to the editor: Recently, Souza et al. (1) in their study proposed a discussion on remote data collection. Research questions involving validity and reliability for remote data collection and applying remote physical exercise to older people (especially those with comorbidities) are of health interest, due to the high mortality risk of this population. The COVID-19 pandemic promoted a decrease in physical activity levels in older people (2), which may lead to a decrease in muscular power and an increase in mortality (3). Beyond the pandemic context, remote data collection may also be viable to improve research aspects (increase in sample size of future studies and possibility of conducting multicentric investigations). Regarding data collection, the sit-to-stand test from a chair (STS) power obtained from the STS of 30-s test was proposed as a reliable, simple, inexpensive, and fast way to assess muscular power in clinical practice and health centers (4). Concerning physical exercise, our laboratory demonstrated that functional high-intensity interval training (F-HIIT) performed only with body mass resistance improves STS performance in older women with obesity (5). F-HIIT may be performed at home with supervision since this exercise protocol mimics common daily physical activity routines (the capacity to climb stairs and stand from a seated position). Thus, STS and F-HIIT can be self-performed only with remote supervision, without the need for direct in-person between researcher and subject during the data collection process. Future research could explore the validity and reliability of STS power and F-HIIT in remote data collection in older people to confirm results obtained from old practices for data acquisition.DISCLOSURESNo conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, are declared by the authors.REFERENCES1. Souza HLR, Bernardes BP, dos Prazeres EO, Arriel RA, Meireles A, Camilo GB, Mota GR, Marocolo M. Hoping for the best, prepared for the worst-can we perform remote data collection in sport sciences?. J Appl Physiol (1985). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00196.2022.Link | Google Scholar2. Machado CLF, Pinto RS, Brusco CM, Cadore EL, Radaelli R. COVID-19 pandemic is an urgent time for older people to practice resistance exercise at home. Exp Gerontol 141: 111101, 2020. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2020.111101. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar3. Pavasini R, Guralnik J, Brown JC, di Bari M, Cesari M, Landi F, Vaes B, Legrand D, Verghese J, Wang C, Stenholm S, Ferrucci L, Lai JC, Bartes AA, Espaulella J, Ferrer M, Lim J-Y, Ensrud KE, Cawthon P, Turusheva A, Frolova E, Rolland Y, Lauwers V, Corsonello A, Kirk GD, Ferrari R, Volpato S, Campo G. Short physical performance battery and all-cause mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med 14: 1–9, 2016. doi:10.1186/s12916-016-0763-7. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar4. Alcazar J, Losa-Reyna J, Rodriguez-Lopez C, Alfaro-Acha A, Rodriguez-Mañas L, Ara I, García-García FJ, Alegre LM. The sit-to-stand muscle power test: an easy, inexpensive and portable procedure to assess muscle power in older people. Exp Gerontol 112: 38–43, 2018. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2018.08.006. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar5. Nunes PRP, Martins FM, Souza AP, Carneiro MAS, Nomelini RS, Michelin MA, Murta EFC, de Oliveira EP, Orsatti FL. Comparative effects of high-intensity interval training with combined training on physical function markers in obese postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. Menopause 26: 1242–1249, 2019. doi:10.1097/GME.0000000000001399. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google ScholarREFERENCES1. Souza HLR, Bernardes BP, dos Prazeres EO, Arriel RA, Meireles A, Camilo GB, Mota GR, Marocolo M. Hoping for the best, prepared for the worst-can we perform remote data collection in sport sciences?. J Appl Physiol (1985). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00196.2022.Link | Google Scholar2. Machado CLF, Pinto RS, Brusco CM, Cadore EL, Radaelli R. COVID-19 pandemic is an urgent time for older people to practice resistance exercise at home. Exp Gerontol 141: 111101, 2020. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2020.111101. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar3. Pavasini R, Guralnik J, Brown JC, di Bari M, Cesari M, Landi F, Vaes B, Legrand D, Verghese J, Wang C, Stenholm S, Ferrucci L, Lai JC, Bartes AA, Espaulella J, Ferrer M, Lim J-Y, Ensrud KE, Cawthon P, Turusheva A, Frolova E, Rolland Y, Lauwers V, Corsonello A, Kirk GD, Ferrari R, Volpato S, Campo G. Short physical performance battery and all-cause mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med 14: 1–9, 2016. doi:10.1186/s12916-016-0763-7. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar4. Alcazar J, Losa-Reyna J, Rodriguez-Lopez C, Alfaro-Acha A, Rodriguez-Mañas L, Ara I, García-García FJ, Alegre LM. The sit-to-stand muscle power test: an easy, inexpensive and portable procedure to assess muscle power in older people. Exp Gerontol 112: 38–43, 2018. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2018.08.006. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar5. Nunes PRP, Martins FM, Souza AP, Carneiro MAS, Nomelini RS, Michelin MA, Murta EFC, de Oliveira EP, Orsatti FL. Comparative effects of high-intensity interval training with combined training on physical function markers in obese postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. Menopause 26: 1242–1249, 2019. doi:10.1097/GME.0000000000001399. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google ScholarPerformance response to endurance training studies: a reminderArthur Henrique Bossi12 and Guilherme Matta3.Author Affiliations1School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.2The Mountain Bike Centre of Scotland, Peel Tower, Peebles, United Kingdom.3School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Social Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, United Kingdom.to the editor: Souza et al. (1) in their study outline several protocols for research to be conducted outside the laboratory. We would like to complement their Viewpoint by pointing out some methods for participants’ self-assessment of endurance performance. Given the applied nature of training studies, which are often featured in this Journal (2,3), it is curious that researchers sometimes choose not to directly assess the performance response to an endurance training intervention (2). This is at odds with evidence that physiological adaptations can be uncorrelated with performance changes (3). Although logistics, practicality, and participant burden may dictate methodological choices, self-assessment of endurance performance can be implemented with relative ease, provided that instructions are followed. Cycling-based time trials and critical power testing can be performed at home or outdoors, with the help of smart trainers or power meters (4,5). Running-based time trials and critical speed testing can be completed on athletics tracks or treadmills, using just a stopwatch (5). Conceivably, self-assessed performances may not be as valid as their laboratory-based equivalents, particularly in the case of nonathletes, due to a lack of motivation and/or experience to perform maximally. However, preliminary data suggest that performance reliability is not compromised in the case of recreationally trained cyclists (4), underlining the usefulness of a home-based approach. Whether endurance training studies are conducted entirely in the laboratory, remotely, or using a hybrid format, is up to research teams to decide. Regardless, such studies will always benefit from a performance test to demonstrate the impact of observed physiological adaptations.DISCLOSURESNo conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, are declared by the authors.REFERENCES1. Souza HLR, Bernardes BP, Dos Prazeres EO, Arriel RA, Meireles A, Camilo GB, Mota GR, Marocolo M. Hoping for the best, prepared for the worst – can we perform remote data collection in sport sciences? J Appl Physiol (1985). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00196.2022.Link | Google Scholar2. Goodman JM, Liu PP, Green HJ. Left ventricular adaptations following short-term endurance training. J Appl Physiol (1985) 98: 454–460, 2005. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00258.2004. Link | ISI | Google Scholar3. Vollaard NB, Constantin-Teodosiu D, Fredriksson K, Rooyackers O, Jansson E, Greenhaff PL, Timmons JA, Sundberg CJ. Systematic analysis of adaptations in aerobic capacity and submaximal energy metabolism provides a unique insight into determinants of human aerobic performance. J Appl Physiol (1985) 106: 1479–1486, 2009. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.91453.2008. Link | ISI | Google Scholar4. Matta G, Edwards A, Roelands B, Hettinga F, Hurst P. Reproducibility of 20-min time-trial performance on a virtual cycling platform. Int J Sports Med. doi:10.1055/a-1848-8478.Crossref | ISI | Google Scholar5. Muniz-Pumares D, Karsten B, Triska C, Glaister M. Methodological approaches and related challenges associated with the determination of critical power and curvature constant. J Strength Cond Res 33: 584–596, 2019. doi:10.1519/JSC.0000000000002977. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google ScholarREFERENCES1. Souza HLR, Bernardes BP, Dos Prazeres EO, Arriel RA, Meireles A, Camilo GB, Mota GR, Marocolo M. Hoping for the best, prepared for the worst – can we perform remote data collection in sport sciences? J Appl Physiol (1985). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00196.2022.Link | Google Scholar2. Goodman JM, Liu PP, Green HJ. Left ventricular adaptations following short-term endurance training. J Appl Physiol (1985) 98: 454–460, 2005. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00258.2004. Link | ISI | Google Scholar3. Vollaard NB, Constantin-Teodosiu D, Fredriksson K, Rooyackers O, Jansson E, Greenhaff PL, Timmons JA, Sundberg CJ. Systematic analysis of adaptations in aerobic capacity and submaximal energy metabolism provides a unique insight into determinants of human aerobic performance. J Appl Physiol (1985) 106: 1479–1486, 2009. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.91453.2008. Link | ISI | Google Scholar4. Matta G, Edwards A, Roelands B, Hettinga F, Hurst P. Reproducibility of 20-min time-trial performance on a virtual cycling platform. Int J Sports Med. doi:10.1055/a-1848-8478.Crossref | ISI | Google Scholar5. Muniz-Pumares D, Karsten B, Triska C, Glaister M. Methodological approaches and related challenges associated with the determination of critical power and curvature constant. J Strength Cond Res 33: 584–596, 2019. doi:10.1519/JSC.0000000000002977. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google ScholarCommentary on Viewpoint: Hoping for the best, prepared for the worst: can we perform remote data collection in sports sciences?Géssyca Tolomeu de Oliveira,12 Ferreira Renato Melo,2 Everton Rocha Soares,3 and Bruno Ocelli Ungheri4.Author Affiliations1Physiology and Human Performance Research Group, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil.2Aquatic Activities Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.3Physical Evaluation and Resistance Training Research Group, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.4Leisure, Management and Policy Group, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.to the editor: We partially agree with the point of view of Souza et al. (1). Some factors related to online collection are considered positive, such as the reduction of the costs of commuting volunteers and, consequently, the agility to collect the data. However, other points make it impossible to conduct research with a remote design, such as studies that require specific structures, e.g., swimming pools (2), or validated equipment that requires its sensors to be positioned in the body precisely and calibrated (3). In addition, the pandemic context, such as that of COVID-19, negatively impacted the adherence to online research, requiring caution in interpreting the results (4), since the level of social restriction imposed can bring important impacts on sports routine (5). We understand that, given technological advances and a possible new scenario of social isolation, the appropriate option is the development of studies that use different designs and strategies for data collection, to obtain data with adequate robustness, considering, however, the clinical data that emerge in the face of pandemic contexts. Finally, although the technological advance has been significant, there is still a gap in access, both for researchers and volunteers, that impairs adherence to robust remote designs.DISCLOSURESNo conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, are declared by the authors.REFERENCES1. Souza HLR, Bernardes BP, dos Prazeres EO, Arriel RA, Meireles A, Camilo GB, Mota GR, Marocolo M. Hoping for the best, prepared for the worst – can we perform remote data collection in sport sciences? J Appl Physiol (1985). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00196.2022.Link | Google Scholar2. Penna EM, Filho E, Campos BT, Ferreira RM, Parma JO, Lage GM, Coswig VS, Wanner SP, Prado LS. No effects of mental fatigue and cerebral stimulation on physical performance of master swimmers. Front Psychol 12: 656499, 2021. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.656499. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar3. Rad MH, Gremeaux V, Dadashi F, Aminian K. A novel macro-micro approach for swimming analysis in main swimming techniques using IMU sensors. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 8: 597738, 2020. doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.597738. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar4. Sharma R, Tikka SK, Bhute AR, Bastia BK. Adherence of online surveys on mental health during the early part of the COVID-19 outbreak to standard reporting guidelines: A systematic review. Asian J Psychiatr 65: 102799, 2021. 2021. doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102799. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar5. Oliveira GT, Meireles A, Hudson TA, Soares ER, Souza HLR, Santos MP, Mauad FO, Nascimento BF, Marocolo M, Ferreira RM. Performance expectation, anxiety, and motivation of triathletes and swimmers during different lockdowns stages in Covid-19 pandemic. J Exerc Physiol Online 25: 75, 2022. Google ScholarREFERENCES1. Souza HLR, Bernardes BP, dos Prazeres EO, Arriel RA, Meireles A, Camilo GB, Mota GR, Marocolo M. Hoping for the best, prepared for the worst – can we perform remote data collection in sport sciences? J Appl Physiol (1985). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00196.2022.Link | Google Scholar2. Penna EM, Filho E, Campos BT, Ferreira RM, Parma JO, Lage GM, Coswig VS, Wanner SP, Prado LS. No effects of mental fatigue and cerebral stimulation on physical performance of master swimmers. Front Psychol 12: 656499, 2021. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.656499. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar3. Rad MH, Gremeaux V, Dadashi F, Aminian K. A novel macro-micro approach for swimming analysis in main swimming techniques using IMU sensors. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 8: 597738, 2020. doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.597738. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar4. Sharma R, Tikka SK, Bhute AR, Bastia BK. Adherence of online surveys on mental health during the early part of the COVID-19 outbreak to standard reporting guidelines: A systematic review. Asian J Psychiatr 65: 102799, 2021. 2021. doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102799. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar5. Oliveira GT, Meireles A, Hudson TA, Soares ER, Souza HLR, Santos MP, Mauad FO, Nascimento BF, Marocolo M, Ferreira RM. Performance expectation, anxiety, and motivation of triathletes and swimmers during different lockdowns stages in Covid-19 pandemic. J Exerc Physiol Online 25: 75, 2022. Google ScholarHoping for the best, prepared for the worst: can we perform remote data collection in sport sciences?: Yes, we can! And technology is here to help…Matheus Daros Pinto and James L. Nuzzo.Author AffiliationsCentre for Human Performance, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.to the editor: Souza et al. (1) in their study raised concerns regarding remote data acquisition in sport science. Recent advances in resistance exercise (RE) technology have the potential to alleviate some of their concerns. Connected adaptive RE (CARE) machines integrate software and hardware to provide digital resistances that adjust to a subject’s force-generating capacity in real time [i.e., within and between repetitions (2)]. CARE machines are often designed for home use; thus, they can facilitate remote data collection and telehealth RE prescriptions. Their adaptive digital resistance permits submaximal and maximal concentric and eccentric loads (eccentric overload and maximal strength assessment) and can induce substantial fatigue (if desired) due to automatic “drop setting” (2). Thus, time-efficient workouts aligned with “minimum effective training dose” (3) can be achieved. Some CARE machines can also deliver eccentric-only RE that can be prescribed to patients who might require RE with less metabolic cost and perceived effort (4). CARE machines are controlled by software (e.g., applications) that contain instructional videos and permit personalized RE programs with multi- and single-joint exercises. They may be integrated with supervision via videoconferencing platforms. Strength data are recorded instantly and can be shared with researchers and clinicians to monitor adherence and progression. Concerns about data robustness may be alleviated with questionnaires (e.g., effort, readiness), video recordings of exercise techniques, and strength variability across testing and training sessions. Assuming CARE technology continues to advance, it can facilitate the remote assessment of muscle strength and prescription of RE on a large scale for both telehealth research and clinical practice.DISCLOSURESNo conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, are declared by the authors.REFERENCES1. Souza HLR, Bernardes BP, Dos Prazeres EO, Arriel RA, Meireles A, Camilo GB, Mota GR, Marocolo M. Hoping for the best, prepared for the worst - can we perform remote data collection in sport sciences?. J Appl Physiol (1985). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00196.2022.Link | Google Scholar2. Nuzzo JL, Nosaka K. Comment on: "Stepwise load reduction training: a new training concept for skeletal muscle and energy systems”. Sports Med 52: 2297–2300, 2022. doi:10.1007/s40279-022-01661-8. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar3. Iversen VM, Norum M, Schoenfeld BJ, Fimland MS. No time to lift? designing time-efficient training programs for strength and hypertrophy: a narrative review. Sports Med 51: 2079–2095, 2021. doi:10.1007/s40279-021-01490-1. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar4. Nishikawa KC, Lindstedt SL, LaStayo PC. Basic science and clinical use of eccentric contractions: history and uncertainties. J Sport Health Sci 7: 265–274, 2018. doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2018.06.002. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google ScholarREFERENCES1. Souza HLR, Bernardes BP, Dos Prazeres EO, Arriel RA, Meireles A, Camilo GB, Mota GR, Marocolo M. Hoping for the best, prepared for the worst - can we perform remote data collection in sport sciences?. J Appl Physiol (1985). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00196.2022.Link | Google Scholar2. Nuzzo JL, Nosaka K. Comment on: "Stepwise load reduction training: a new training concept for skeletal muscle and energy systems”. Sports Med 52: 2297–2300, 2022. doi:10.1007/s40279-022-01661-8. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar3. Iversen VM, Norum M, Schoenfeld BJ, Fimland MS. No time to lift? designing time-efficient training programs for strength and hypertrophy: a narrative review. Sports Med 51: 2079–2095, 2021. doi:10.1007/s40279-021-01490-1. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google Scholar4. Nishikawa KC, Lindstedt SL, LaStayo PC. Basic science and clinical use of eccentric contractions: history and uncertainties. J Sport Health Sci 7: 265–274, 2018. doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2018.06.002. Crossref | PubMed | ISI | Google ScholarNot just a pandemic possibility: the push toward remote data collection can complement existing big data sets in sport scienceChristopher Latella,12 Daniel van den Hoek,3 Alistair Mallard,4 and Jemima Spathis3.Author Affiliations1School of Medical and Health Sciences, Centre for Human Performance, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.2Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.3School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Banyo, Queensland, Australia.4School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.to the editor: Souza et al. (1) in their study highlight opportunities for sports science research in a pandemic-conscious world. Indeed, remote data collection also shows promise in “normal” times to advance health/performance evidence in large athletic cohorts. Our own retrospective studies reported strength adaptations in n = ∼1,900 powerlifting athletes over a 15-yr period (2,3). Strict competition criteria and existing public reports of competition outcomes have enabled longitudinal assessment of strength adaptations. However, additional prospective remote data collection can offer the strong complementary potential to such studies.Certainly, a similar concept is demonstrated by Steele et al. (4), where strength assessment was coupled with remote training records logged digitally (via tablet) and uploaded to a server (n = 14,690). All individuals performed similar strength training for ≤6.8 yr. Using current technologies, similar prospective approaches could be adopted into high-performance sport. For example, remote training data logs and central storage from a subset of powerlifters would provide unparalleled information underpinning rates of strength adaptation, and clusters of training program variables that most impact strength gain. Such information would be difficult to obtain at scale using traditional data collection methods. To our knowledge, the only attempts to collate performance and training information in powerlifters have been through online questionnaires (n = 117) (5). Furthermore, other possible health metrics suggested by Souza et al. (1)—range of motion, gait, and blood pressure—could inform relationships between muscle strength and other important health measures longitudinally. This possibility is substantiated as strength-based sports such as powerlifting have no competition upper-age limit.DISCLOSURESNo conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, are declared by the authors.REFERENCES1. Souza HLR, Bernardes BP, dos Prazeres EO, Arriel RA, Meireles A, Camilo GB, Mota GR, Marocolo M. Hoping for the best, prepared for the worst – can we perform remote data collection in sport sciences? J Appl Physiol (1985). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00196.2022.Link | Google Scholar2. Latella C, Owen PJ, Davies T, Spathis J, Mallard A, van den Hoek D. Long-term adaptations in the squat, bench press, and deadlift: assessing strength gain in powerlifting athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 54: 841–850, 2022. doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000002858. Crossref | P
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