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Pisolithus arhizus (Scop.) Rauschert: chemical composition and biological activity

2022; Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany); Volume: 88; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1055/s-0042-1759153

1439-0221

Valentina Parisi, Giuliana Donadio, Raffaella Nocera, Consiglia Tedesco, Francesco De Riccardis, Nunziatina De Tommasi,

Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities

Pisolithus arhizus (Scop.) Rauschert (Sclerodermataceae) is an ectomycorrhizal mushroom, known for its role in forest ecology due to its association with different tree genera such as Quercus and Eucalyptus [1]. In Africa and in Southern Italy, P. arhizus is traditionally used for wound healing and hemorragic disorders [2]. Previous phytochemical investigations reported the presence, as main components, of pulvinic acid derivatives, that give the characteristic red brown colour, benzoic acid derivatives, such as pisolithin A and B and triterpenes. [1], [2], [3]. Antioxidant and antifungal activity of spores, methanolic and ethanolic extracts of P. arhizus were reported [3], [4]. This research aims to investigate the chemical composition and the biological activity of P. arhizus collected from hills of Benevento, Italy. In details, dried sphorophores were extracted using increasing polarity solvent, obtaining n-hexane, chloroformic and methanolic residues. The study of methanolic extracts led to the isolation of two pigments, norbadione A and bisnorbadioquinone A and phenolic acids derivatives. From the chloroformic residue, after silica gel column chromatography and RP-HPLC, twenty undescribed lanostane-type triterpenoids were purified. Among them, new tetracyclic triterpenoids with an unusual spiro scaffold were also characterized. The structures were elucidated by 1D-and 2D-NMR spectroscopy and confirmed by high resolution mass spectrometry. The absolute configuration at C-22 of 3,22-dihydroxy-24-methylenelanost-9-en-7-one was determined by the modified Mosher's method and its structure was confirmed by X-ray analysis. The antitumoral activity of extracts and pure compounds was also investigated on human T lymphocyte (Jurkat), human glioblastoma (U-87 MG), human leukemia monocyte lymphoma (U937), and cervical cancer (HeLa) cell lines.