The role of glycans in the mechanobiology of cancer
2023; Elsevier BV; Volume: 299; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102935
ISSN1083-351X
AutoresAnurag Purushothaman, Mohammad Mohajeri, Tanmay P. Lele,
Tópico(s)Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
ResumoAlthough cancer is a genetic disease, physical changes such as stiffening of the extracellular matrix also commonly occur in cancer. Cancer cells sense and respond to extracellular matrix stiffening through the process of mechanotransduction. Cancer cell mechanotransduction can enhance cancer-promoting cell behaviors such as survival signaling, proliferation, and migration. Glycans, carbohydrate-based polymers, have recently emerged as important mediators and/or modulators of cancer cell mechanotransduction. Stiffer tumors are characterized by increased glycan content on cancer cells and their associated extracellular matrix. Here we review the role of cancer-associated glycans in coupled mechanical and biochemical alterations during cancer progression. We discuss the recent evidence on how increased expression of different glycans, in the form of glycoproteins and proteoglycans, contributes to both mechanical changes in tumors and corresponding cancer cell responses. We conclude with a summary of emerging tools that can be used to modify glycans for future studies in cancer mechanobiology. Although cancer is a genetic disease, physical changes such as stiffening of the extracellular matrix also commonly occur in cancer. Cancer cells sense and respond to extracellular matrix stiffening through the process of mechanotransduction. Cancer cell mechanotransduction can enhance cancer-promoting cell behaviors such as survival signaling, proliferation, and migration. Glycans, carbohydrate-based polymers, have recently emerged as important mediators and/or modulators of cancer cell mechanotransduction. Stiffer tumors are characterized by increased glycan content on cancer cells and their associated extracellular matrix. Here we review the role of cancer-associated glycans in coupled mechanical and biochemical alterations during cancer progression. We discuss the recent evidence on how increased expression of different glycans, in the form of glycoproteins and proteoglycans, contributes to both mechanical changes in tumors and corresponding cancer cell responses. We conclude with a summary of emerging tools that can be used to modify glycans for future studies in cancer mechanobiology. A tumor is a growing population of aberrant somatic cells. Over the course of tumorigenesis, the properties of the tumor microenvironment (TME) change dramatically. The progression of many solid cancers involves the recruitment of several different cell types to the TME, such as endothelial cells that form "leaky" blood vessels (1Lugano R. Ramachandran M. Dimberg A. Tumor angiogenesis: Causes, consequences, challenges and opportunities.Cell Mol. 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