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Cancer burden in adolescents and young adults in Europe

2023; Elsevier BV; Volume: 8; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100744

2059-7029

Annalisa Trama, Dan Stark, Ivana Božović‐Spasojević, Nathalie Gaspar, Fedro A. Peccatori, Angela Toss, Alice Bernasconi, Paola Quarello, Katrin Scheinemann, S. Jezdic, Anne Blondeel, Giannis Mountzios, Stefan Bielack, Emmanouil Saloustros, Andrea Ferrari,

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia research

•Cancers in AYAs are rare.•Cancers in AYAs are increasing in the current era.•Breast, cervical and thyroid cancers account for a substantial burden of cancer among AYAs, especially among young women.•Differences in AYA cancer incidence and mortality exist within European countries.•Eastern European countries are lagging behind in survival of many cancer types in AYAs. BackgroundCancer epidemiology is unique in adolescents and young adults (AYAs; aged 15-39 years). The European Society for Medical Oncology/European Society for Paediatric Oncology (ESMO/SIOPE) AYA Working Group aims to describe the burden of cancers in AYAs in Europe and across European Union (EU) countries.Patients and methodsWe used data available on the Global Cancer Observatory. We retrieved crude and age-standardised (World Standard Population) incidence and mortality rates. We reported about AYA cancer burden in Europe and between 28 EU member states. We described incidence and mortality for all cancers and for the 13 cancers most relevant to the AYA population.ResultsIncidence and mortality varied widely between countries with the highest mortality observed in Eastern EU countries. Cancers of the female breast, thyroid and male testis were the most common cancers across countries followed by melanoma of skin and cancers of the cervix. Variations in cancer incidence rates across different populations may reflect different distribution of risk factors, variations in the implementation or uptake of screening as well as overdiagnosis. AYA cancer mortality disparities may be due to variation in early-stage diagnoses, different public education and awareness of cancer symptoms, different degrees of access or availability of treatment.ConclusionsOur results highlight the future health care needs and requirements for AYA-specialised services to ensure a homogeneous treatment across different countries as well as the urgency for preventive initiatives that can mitigate the increasing burden. Cancer epidemiology is unique in adolescents and young adults (AYAs; aged 15-39 years). The European Society for Medical Oncology/European Society for Paediatric Oncology (ESMO/SIOPE) AYA Working Group aims to describe the burden of cancers in AYAs in Europe and across European Union (EU) countries. We used data available on the Global Cancer Observatory. We retrieved crude and age-standardised (World Standard Population) incidence and mortality rates. We reported about AYA cancer burden in Europe and between 28 EU member states. We described incidence and mortality for all cancers and for the 13 cancers most relevant to the AYA population. Incidence and mortality varied widely between countries with the highest mortality observed in Eastern EU countries. Cancers of the female breast, thyroid and male testis were the most common cancers across countries followed by melanoma of skin and cancers of the cervix. Variations in cancer incidence rates across different populations may reflect different distribution of risk factors, variations in the implementation or uptake of screening as well as overdiagnosis. AYA cancer mortality disparities may be due to variation in early-stage diagnoses, different public education and awareness of cancer symptoms, different degrees of access or availability of treatment. Our results highlight the future health care needs and requirements for AYA-specialised services to ensure a homogeneous treatment across different countries as well as the urgency for preventive initiatives that can mitigate the increasing burden.