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First-order transition of the spin-1 Blume–Capel model with random anisotropy using effective-field theory

2023; Elsevier BV; Volume: 615; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.physa.2023.128510

1873-2119

ELKIANE CÁSSIA DA SILVA BEZERRA, M. Gomes da Silva, J. Ricardo de Sousa,

Material Dynamics and Properties

The spin-1 Blume–Capel model with a random crystal field on a square lattice is studied by using an effective-field theory with correlation. We go beyond the standard formalism and analyze the first-order phase transitions using the free energy functional deduced from the equation of state. The complete phase diagram is constructed in the temperature and single-ion anisotropy amplitude plane. The first-order transition line is obtained by comparison between free energies. Our results predict first-order transition at low temperature and large anisotropy strengths.