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Economic Applicability of the Automatic Identification System Data

2023; Linguagem: Inglês

10.22617/brf230082-2

2218-2675

Kijin Kim, Sanchita Basu, Madhavi Pundit, Paolo Magnata, Mahinthan Mariasingham, Cherryl Chico,

Software Reliability and Analysis Research

Policy makers need real-time information for quick and efficient decision-making in response to events.Indicators from automatic identification system (AIS) that tracks ships are increasingly used in economic monitoring and analysis.Applications in economic analysis include estimating trade flows, assessing port performance, and monitoring fisheries and maritime carbon dioxide emissions (Arslanalp, Koepke, and Verschuur 2021).While official monthly trade data are often published with a lag of 1 to 2 months, AIS data can provide more timely estimates for international trade flows.AIS databased indicators can serve as leading indicators of shipping costs in times of disruptions when physical ship movement and port activities are immediately affected.Reported vessel draft measurements from AIS messages can also be used as a basis for estimating ships' payload.This brief examines the potential use of high-frequency AIS data in developing key indicators for trade monitoring and analysis.Specifically, the brief proposes indicators derived from AIS data that represent maritime performance and trade flows; assesses the impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on vessel flow and waiting time in Asia's major ports, based on these derived measures; and explores their usefulness in estimating trade flows.Finally, it explores opportunities for using AIS data in evidence-based policy implementation. OVERVIEW OF THE AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMAIS is a vessel identification system that transmits real-time information on routes of vessels via very high frequency radio transponders (March et al. 2021).Since 2004, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has required all ships with 300 gross tonnage or more that are engaged in international voyages (or those with 500 gross tonnage or more not engaged in international voyages) to be equipped with AIS transponders.These transponders send radio messages every few seconds or minutes to other ships and coastal authorities to enhance maritime security.Such data may include vessel type, the ship's position (latitude and longitude), size, speed, the ship's draft (vertical distance between the ship's keel and waterline, which can indicate its load), destination, 2The Asian Development Bank (ADB), as a member of the AIS Task Team, utilizes the UNGP to explore potential applications of AIS data for its developing member countries.In addition, the ADB supports the UN-Committee of Experts on Big Data and Data Science for Official Statistics by providing technical assistance on AIS data architecture and maintenance of the UNGP infrastructure.