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Adeno-Associated Virus 2 and Human Adenovirus F41 in Wastewater during Outbreak of Severe Acute Hepatitis in Children, Ireland

2023; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Volume: 29; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.3201/eid2904.221878

1080-6059

Niamh A. Martin, Gabriel González, Liam J. Reynolds, Charlene Bennett, Christine Campbell, Tristan M. Nolan, Alannah Byrne, Sanne Fennema, Niamh Holohan, Sailusha Ratnam Kuntamukkula, Natasha Sarwar, Laura Sala‐Comorera, Jonathan Dean, Jose Maria Urtasun-Elizari, Daniel Hare, Emer Liddy, Eadaoin M. Joyce, John O’Sullivan, John Cuddihy, Angeline M. McIntyre, Eve P. Robinson, Darren Dahly, Nicola F. Fletcher, Suzanne Cotter, Emer Fitzpatrick, Michael J. Carr, Cillian De Gascun, Wim G. Meijer,

Animal Virus Infections Studies

During April-July 2022, outbreaks of severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology (SAHUE) were reported in 35 countries. Five percent of cases required liver transplantation, and 22 patients died. Viral metagenomic studies of clinical samples from SAHUE cases showed a correlation with human adenovirus F type 41 (HAdV-F41) and adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV2). To explore the association between those DNA viruses and SAHUE in children in Ireland, we quantified HAdV-F41 and AAV2 in samples collected from a wastewater treatment plant serving 40% of Ireland's population. We noted a high correlation between HAdV-F41 and AAV2 circulation in the community and SAHUE clinical cases. Next-generation sequencing of the adenovirus hexon in wastewater demonstrated HAdV-F41 was the predominant HAdV type circulating. Our environmental analysis showed increased HAdV-F41 and AAV2 prevalence in the community during the SAHUE outbreak. Our findings highlight how wastewater sampling could aid in surveillance for respiratory adenovirus species.