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Genomic Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Healthcare Workers: A Critical Sentinel Group for Monitoring the SARS-CoV-2 Variant Shift

2023; Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Volume: 15; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.3390/v15040984

1999-4915

Dayane Azevedo Padilha, Dóris Sobral Marques Souza, Eric Kazuo Kawagoe, Vilmar Benetti Filho, Ariane Nicaretta Amorim, Fernando Hartmann Barazzetti, Marcos André Schörner, Sandra Bianchini Fernandes, Bruna Kellet Coelho, Darcita Büerger Rovaris, Marlei Pickler Debiase Dos Anjos, Juliana Righetto Moser, Fernanda Rosene Melo, Bianca Bittencourt De Souza, Dimitri da Costa Bessa, Fernando Henrique de Paula e Silva Mendes, Alexandra Crispim Boing, Antônio Fernando Boing, Josimari Telino de Lacerda, Guilherme V. Moura, Daniela Carolina De Bastiani, Milene Höehr de Moraes, Luiz Felipe Valter de Oliveira, Renato Simões Moreira, Patrícia Hermes Stoco, Maria Luíza Bazzo, Gislaine Fongaro, Glauber Wagner,

Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology

SARS-CoV-2 genome surveillance is important for monitoring risk groups and health workers as well as data on new cases and mortality rate due to COVID-19. We characterized the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 variants from May 2021 to April 2022 in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil, and evaluated the similarity between variants present in the population and healthcare workers (HCW). A total of 5291 sequenced genomes demonstrated the circulation of 55 strains and four variants of concern (Alpha, Delta, Gamma and Omicron—sublineages BA.1 and BA.2). The number of cases was relatively low in May 2021, but the number of deaths was higher with the Gamma variant. There was a significant increase in both numbers between December 2021 and February 2022, peaking in mid-January 2022, when the Omicron variant dominated. After May 2021, two distinct variant groups (Delta and Omicron) were observed, equally distributed among the five Santa Catarina mesoregions. Moreover, from November 2021 to February 2022, similar variant profiles between HCW and the general population were observed, and a quicker shift from Delta to Omicron in HCW than in the general population. This demonstrates the importance of HCW as a sentinel group for monitoring disease trends in the general population.