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Bird tolerance to humans in open tropical ecosystems

2023; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 14; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/s41467-023-37936-5

2041-1723

Peter Mikula, Oldřich Tomášek, Dušan Romportl, Timothy Khan Aikins, Jorge Enrique Avendaño, Bukola D. A. Braimoh-Azaki, Adams A. Chaskda, Will Cresswell, Susan J. Cunningham, Svein Dale, Gabriela R. Favoretto, Kelvin S. Floyd, Hayley K. Glover, Tomáš Grim, Dominic A. W. Henry, Tomas Holmern, Martin Hromada, Soladoye B. Iwajomo, Amanda Lilleyman, Flora J. Magige, Rowan O. Martin, Marina Maximiano, Eric Djomo Nana, Emmanuel Ncube, Henry Ndaimani, Emma Nelson, Johann H van Niekerk, Carina Pienaar, Augusto João Piratelli, Penny Pistorius, Anna Radkovic, Chevonne Reynolds, Eivin Røskaft, Griffin Shanungu, Paulo Ricardo Baier Siqueira, Tawanda Tarakini, Nattaly Tejeiro-Mahecha, Michelle L. Thompson, Wanyoike Wamiti, Mark Wilson, Donovan R. C. Tye, Nicholas D. Tye, Aki Vehtari, Piotr Tryjanowski, Michael A. Weston, Daniel T. Blumstein, Tomáš Albrecht,

Species Distribution and Climate Change

Abstract Animal tolerance towards humans can be a key factor facilitating wildlife–human coexistence, yet traits predicting its direction and magnitude across tropical animals are poorly known. Using 10,249 observations for 842 bird species inhabiting open tropical ecosystems in Africa, South America, and Australia, we find that avian tolerance towards humans was lower (i.e., escape distance was longer) in rural rather than urban populations and in populations exposed to lower human disturbance (measured as human footprint index). In addition, larger species and species with larger clutches and enhanced flight ability are less tolerant to human approaches and escape distances increase when birds were approached during the wet season compared to the dry season and from longer starting distances. Identification of key factors affecting animal tolerance towards humans across large spatial and taxonomic scales may help us to better understand and predict the patterns of species distributions in the Anthropocene.