Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

The Matrix-M™ adjuvant: A critical component of vaccines for the 21 st century

2023; Taylor & Francis; Volume: 19; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1080/21645515.2023.2189885

2164-554X

Linda Stertman, Anna-Karin E. Palm, Behdad Zarnegar, Berit Carow, Carolina Lunderius Andersson, Sofia Magnusson, Cecilia Carnrot, Vivek Shinde, Gale Smith, Gregory M. Glenn, Louis Fries, Karin Lövgren Bengtsson,

Immune Response and Inflammation

Matrix-M™ adjuvant is a key component of several novel vaccine candidates. The Matrix-M adjuvant consists of two distinct fractions of saponins purified from the Quillaja saponaria Molina tree, combined with cholesterol and phospholipids to form 40-nm open cage-like nanoparticles, achieving potent adjuvanticity with a favorable safety profile. Matrix-M induces early activation of innate immune cells at the injection site and in the draining lymph nodes. This translates into improved magnitude and quality of the antibody response to the antigen, broadened epitope recognition, and the induction of a Th1-dominant immune response. Matrix-M-adjuvanted vaccines have a favorable safety profile and are well tolerated in clinical trials. In this review, we discuss the latest findings on the mechanisms of action, efficacy, and safety of Matrix-M adjuvant and other saponin-based adjuvants, with a focus on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) subunit vaccine candidate NVX-CoV2373 developed to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).