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Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure: A Scientific Statement from the Heart Failure Society of America

2023; Elsevier BV; Volume: 29; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.cardfail.2023.03.025

1532-8414

Craig J. Beavers, Andrew P. Ambrosy, Javed Butler, Beth Towery Davidson, Stormi E. Gale, Ileana L. Piña, Ioannis Mastoris, Nosheen Reza, Robert J. Mentz, Gregory D. Lewis,

Heart Failure Treatment and Management

Abstract Iron deficiency is present in approximately 50% of patients with symptomatic heart failure and is independently associated with worse functional capacity, lower quality of, life and increased mortality. The purpose of this document is to summarize current knowledge of how iron deficiency is defined in heart failure and its epidemiology and pathophysiology, as well as pharmacological considerations for repletion strategies. This document also summarizes the rapidly expanding array of clinical trial evidence informing when, how, and in whom to consider iron repletion.