ANATOMICAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN URETHRA AND CLITORIS
1998; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Volume: 159; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/s0022-5347(01)63188-4
ISSN1527-3792
AutoresHelen E. O’Connell, John M. Hutson, Colin R. Anderson, Robert J. Plenter,
Tópico(s)Urologic and reproductive health conditions
ResumoNo AccessJournal of UrologyClinical Urology: Original Articles1 Jun 1998ANATOMICAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN URETHRA AND CLITORIS HELEN E. O'CONNELL, JOHN M. HUTSON, COLIN R. ANDERSON, and ROBERT J. PLENTER HELEN E. O'CONNELLHELEN E. O'CONNELL More articles by this author , JOHN M. HUTSONJOHN M. HUTSON More articles by this author , COLIN R. ANDERSONCOLIN R. ANDERSON More articles by this author , and ROBERT J. PLENTERROBERT J. PLENTER More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(01)63188-4AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract Purpose: We investigated the anatomical relationship between the urethra and the surrounding erectile tissue, and reviewed the appropriateness of the current nomenclature used to describe this anatomy. Materials and Methods: A detailed dissection was performed on 2 fresh and 8 fixed human female adult cadavers (age range 22 to 88 years). The relationship of the urethra to the surrounding erectile tissue was ascertained in each specimen, and the erectile tissue arrangement was determined and compared to standard anatomical descriptions. Nerves supplying the erectile tissue were carefully preserved and their relationship to the soft tissues and bony pelvis was noted. Results: The female urethra, distal vaginal wall and erectile tissue are packed into the perineum caudal (superficial) to the pubic arch, which is bounded laterally by the ischiopubic rami, and superficially by the labia minora and majora. This complex is not flat against the rami as is commonly depicted but projects from the bony landmarks for 3 to 6 cm. The perineal urethra is embedded in the anterior vaginal wall and is surrounded by erectile tissue in all directions except posteriorly where it relates to the vaginal wall. The bulbs of the vestibule are inappropriately named as they directly relate to the other clitoral components and the urethra. Their association with the vestibule is inconsistent and, thus, we recommend that these structures be renamed the bulbs of the clitoris. Conclusions: A series of detailed dissections suggest that current anatomical descriptions of female human urethral and genital anatomy are inaccurate. References 1 : Last's Anatomy. In: Regional and Applied.. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone1990. Google Scholar 2 : Grant's Atlas of Anatomy. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins1991. Google Scholar 3 : Gray's Anatomy. In: . New York: Churchill Livingstone1995. Google Scholar 4 : Cunningham's Textbook of Anatomy. Oxford: Oxford University Press1981. 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Google Scholar From the Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, and Departments of Pediatric Surgery, and Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia© 1998 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byMartin-Alguacil N, Schober J, Sengelaub D, Pfaff D and Shelley D (2018) Clitoral Sexual Arousal: Neuronal Tracing Study From the Clitoris Through the Spinal TractsJournal of Urology, VOL. 180, NO. 4, (1241-1248), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2008.Poppas D, Hochsztein A, Baergen R, Loyd E, Chen J and Felsen D (2007) Nerve Sparing Ventral Clitoroplasty Preserves Dorsal Nerves in Congenital Adrenal HyperplasiaJournal of Urology, VOL. 178, NO. 4S, (1802-1806), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2007.O’CONNELL H and DeLANCEY J (2018) CLITORAL ANATOMY IN NULLIPAROUS, HEALTHY, PREMENOPAUSAL VOLUNTEERS USING UNENHANCED MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGINGJournal of Urology, VOL. 173, NO. 6, (2060-2063), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2005.O'CONNELL H, SANJEEVAN K and HUTSON J (2018) ANATOMY OF THE CLITORISJournal of Urology, VOL. 174, NO. 4 Part 1, (1189-1195), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2005.YUCEL S, de SOUZA A and BASKIN L (2018) NEUROANATOMY OF THE HUMAN FEMALE LOWER UROGENITAL TRACTJournal of Urology, VOL. 172, NO. 1, (191-195), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2004.SUH D, YANG C, CAO Y, GARLAND P and MARAVILLA K (2018) Magnetic Resonance Imaging Anatomy of the Female Genitalia in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal WomenJournal of Urology, VOL. 170, NO. 1, (138-144), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2003. (2018) EDITORIAL COMMENTJournal of Urology, VOL. 165, NO. 4, (1184-1184), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2001.YANG C, BOWEN J, KRAFT G, UCHIO E and KROMM B (2018) CORTICAL EVOKED POTENTIALS OF THE DORSAL NERVE OF THE CLITORIS AND FEMALE SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSISJournal of Urology, VOL. 164, NO. 6, (2010-2013), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2000.PARK J, KIM S, KIM S, KIM Y and CHO K (2018) RENIN ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM OF RABBIT CLITORAL CAVERNOSUM: INTERACTION WITH NITRIC OXIDEJournal of Urology, VOL. 164, NO. 2, (556-561), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2000.BASKIN L, EROL A, LI Y, LIU W, KURZROCK E and CUNHA G (2018) ANATOMICAL STUDIES OF THE HUMAN CLITORISJournal of Urology, VOL. 162, NO. 3 Part 2, (1015-1020), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1999.O’Connell H (2018) RE: SUPRAMEATAL TRANSVAGINAL URETHROLYSISJournal of Urology, VOL. 162, NO. 6, (2104-2104), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1999. Volume 159Issue 6June 1998Page: 1892-1897 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1998 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information HELEN E. O'CONNELL More articles by this author JOHN M. HUTSON More articles by this author COLIN R. ANDERSON More articles by this author ROBERT J. PLENTER More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
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