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An optical fiber-based point-of-care test for periodontal MMP-8 detection: A proof of concept

2023; Elsevier BV; Volume: 134; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104553

1879-176X

Luigi Guida, Debora Bencivenga, Marco Annunziata, Francesco Arcadio, Adriana Borriello, Fulvio Della Ragione, A. Formisano, Angelantonio Piccirillo, Luigi Zeni, Nunzio Cennamo,

Oral Health Pathology and Treatment

The evaluation of salivary biomarkers has been proposed as a simple and non-invasive aid to the conventional periodontal diagnosis based on clinical-radiographic parameters. Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), especially in its active form, is considered one of the most reliable biomarkers of periodontitis, and point-of-care tests (POCTs) have been proposed for its clinical monitoring. In this proof-of-concept study, a novel highly sensitive POCT based on a plastic optical fiber (POF) biosensor exploiting surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to detect salivary MMP-8 is described.A SPR-POF biosensor was functionalized with a specific antibody to develop a surface-assembled monolayer (SAM) for the detection of total MMP-8. A white light source and a spectrometer connected to the biosensor were used to quantify MMP-8 level in both buffer and real matrix (saliva) by analysing the shift of the resonance wavelength determined by the specific antigen-antibody binding upon the SAM.Dose-response curves by serial dilutions of human recombinant MMP-8 were realized, obtaining a limit of detection (LOD) of 40 pM (1.76 ng/ml) in buffer and 225 pM (9.9 ng/ml) in saliva and high selectivity compared to interferent analytes (MMP-2 and IL-6).The proposed optical fiber-based POCT was able to detect and measure total MMP-8 with high selectivity and very low LOD in both buffer and saliva.The SPR-POF technology may be employed to create highly sensitive biosensors to monitor salivary MMP-8 levels. The possibility of specifically detecting its active, rather than total, form need to be further investigated. If confirmed and clinically validated, such a device may represent a promising tool to make an immediate, highly sensitive and reliable diagnosis of periodontitis, and to carry out a timely and targeted therapy, possibly helping to prevent the onset of local and systemic periodontitis-related complications.