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Brain imaging and neuropsychological assessment of individuals recovered from a mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection

2023; National Academy of Sciences; Volume: 120; Issue: 22 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1073/pnas.2217232120

1091-6490

Marvin Petersen, Felix L. Nägele, Carola Mayer, Maximilian Schell, Elina Petersen, Simone Kühn, Jürgen Gallinat, Jens Fiehler, Ofer Pasternak, Jakob Matschke, Markus Glatzel, Raphael Twerenbold, Christian Gerloff, Götz Thomalla, Bastian Cheng,

Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis

As severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections have been shown to affect the central nervous system, the investigation of associated alterations of brain structure and neuropsychological sequelae is crucial to help address future health care needs. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive neuroimaging and neuropsychological assessment of 223 nonvaccinated individuals recovered from a mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection (100 female/123 male, age [years], mean ± SD, 55.54 ± 7.07; median 9.7 mo after infection) in comparison with 223 matched controls (93 female/130 male, 55.74 ± 6.60) within the framework of the Hamburg City Health Study. Primary study outcomes were advanced diffusion MRI measures of white matter microstructure, cortical thickness, white matter hyperintensity load, and neuropsychological test scores. Among all 11 MRI markers tested, significant differences were found in global measures of mean diffusivity (MD) and extracellular free water which were elevated in the white matter of post-SARS-CoV-2 individuals compared to matched controls (free water: 0.148 ± 0.018 vs. 0.142 ± 0.017,