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An overview of polymeric composite scaffolds with piezoelectric properties for improved bone regeneration

2023; Elsevier BV; Volume: 231; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.matdes.2023.112085

1873-4197

Ricardo Donate, Rubén Paz, R. Moriche, M.J. Sayagués, Maria Elena Alemán‐Domínguez, Mario Monzón,

Bone Tissue Engineering Materials

Despite the dramatic change that Tissue Engineering or stem cell therapies have brought to current therapeutic strategies, there is a lack of functionalities in the available biomaterials for manufacturing scaffolds to treat several highly prevalent osseous diseases (osteochondral defects, osteoporosis, etc.). One promising approach to fill this gap involves the development of innovative piezoelectric scaffolds for improved bone regeneration. Scaffolds with the appropriate piezoelectricity can positively influence the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to regenerate bone tissue, since surface electrical charges play a key role in the mechanotransduction process. In this work, polymeric-based composite scaffolds with piezoelectric properties intended for bone tissue engineering are reviewed. Special attention is paid to biocompatible, piezoelectric polymers that show suitable properties to be processed by additive manufacturing techniques. Previous works on composite scaffolds based of these polymeric matrices and containing piezoceramic additives are summarized. The use of piezoelectric nanostructured composite formulations containing lead-free ceramic oxide nanoparticles with perovskite structure is highlighted. Also, different commonly applied mechanical stimuli to activate the piezoelectric effect of the developed materials are presented. Finally, other applications of such scaffolds are mentioned, including their capabilities for real-time monitoring.