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Association of Down syndrome with periodontal diseases: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

2023; Wiley; Volume: 44; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1111/scd.12892

1754-4505

Sara Rondón‐Avalo, Carolina Rodríguez‐Medina, Javier Enrique Botero,

Dental Health and Care Utilization

Abstract Background Down syndrome (DS) is distinguished by cognitive disability, a concave profile, and systemic complications. Oral diseases have been reported to be common in DS patients. Objective To investigate the association between DS and periodontal diseases. Methods Two independent reviewers searched six bibliographic databases up to January 2023 and used additional search methods to identify published studies on gingivitis or periodontitis in people with and without DS. Meta‐analysis, risk of bias, sensibility analysis, publication bias, and evidence grading were all carried out. Results Twenty‐six studies were included for analysis. There was a tendency for increased plaque accumulation, periodontal probing, periodontal attachment level, bleeding on probing and indices in DS individuals. Meta‐analysis of 11 studies showed a significant association between DS and periodontitis (OR 3.93; 95% CI 1.81–8.53). Probing depth was significantly high in individuals with DS as compared to controls (mean difference 0.40 mm; 95% CI 0.09–0.70). Gingivitis was significantly associated (OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.09–3.41) with DS in four studies. The evidence was classified as ‘moderate certainty’. Conclusion Medium/low‐quality studies demonstrate that Down syndrome is strongly associated with periodontitis and moderately associated with gingivitis.